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Cncprogrammingbasics 100101063548 Phpapp02

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3 views

Cncprogrammingbasics 100101063548 Phpapp02

Uploaded by

Kristan Cedillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CNC Programming Basics

Program structure
Every program consists of:
1. Program Start
The program start is the program number. The
program number begins with character/letter O.
2. Program Contents
NC blocks
3. Program End
M30 for a main program
M17 for a sub-program

CNC Prg. Basics 1


CNC Program Numbers

Program Numbers

O6999
.
.
.
O0256
O0255
.
.
.
O0000
CNC Prg. Basics 2
CNC Program Blocks (1)

• N is the address
• Block numbers from N0000 to
• N9999
• A block consists of number
and words
• Words are contents of a
block
• Block numbers are selected in
the jumps of ten for the
purpose of insertion

CNC Prg. Basics 3


CNC Program Blocks (2)

• A block consists of one or


more blocks
• A Word consists of a
character (address) and a
number.
• Every address has a certain
meaning, on which the
corresponding number
depends

CNC Prg. Basics 4


CNC Prg. Syntax Regulations

• The maximum block length must not exceeded four


lines. If max. length exceeded alarm 650 occurs.
• Every block starts with a block number.
• After the block numbers follows the G command.
• Words consists of coordinates X(U), Z(W).
• For G02, G03 program interpolation parameter I and
K are placed after X(U), Z(W).
• The F word (feed, thread pitch).
• The S word (cutting speed).
• The T word (tool address).
• The M word (additional functions).
CNC Prg. Basics 5
Absolute Value Programming

Example:
 P0 N… …
P0  P1 N… G01 X40. Z25. F…
P1  P2 N… G01 X60. Z-40. F…
P2  N… …

Absolute coordinate
system

CNC Prg. Basics 6


Incremental Value Programming

Example:
 P0 N… …
P0  P1 N… G01 U5. W-25. F…
P1  P2 N… G01 X10. Z-15. F…
P2  N… …

Incremental coordinate
system
CNC Prg. Basics 7
Mixed Programming

Example:
 P0 N… …
P0  P1 N… G01 U5. W-25. F…
P1  P2 N… G01 X60. Z-15. F…
P2  N… …

Mixed coordinate
system
CNC Prg. Basics 8
Self-holding Functions (1)

• The majority of G and M commands and other


words are self-holding, remain active until
overwritten or deactivated/deselected.
• Aimed to simplify and to reduce programming
tasks.

Example: G41 can be deactivated by issuing G40


command.

CNC Prg. Basics 9


Self-holding Functions (2)

Take-over of G00 commands in block N0110


In block N0120 G00 is deactivated by G01. G01 is active.
N0100 G00 X50. Z+10.
Example 1: N0110 X36. Z+2.
N0120 G01 X40. Z-10. F…

N0050 M03 M03 activated at N0050


N0060 … and effective from N0050
Example 2: … through N120. M03
N0120 M04 deactivated at N0120 by
M04 command
CNC Prg. Basics 10
Reference Points

M = Machine zero point.


(unchangeable ref. Point
determined by machine
manufacturer)
N = Tool mounting
reference point
W = Work piece zero
point. (can be freely
determined by the
programmer and can be
moved within program
CNC Prg. Basics 11
Work piece (1)

CNC Prg. Basics 12


Work piece (2)

CNC Prg. Basics 13


G & M Commands

G00: Rapid traverse


G01: Linear interpolation
G02: Circular interpolation clockwise
G03: Circular interpolation counter clockwise
G70: Measuring in Inch (USA)
G71: Measuring in mm (Other countries)

M03: Spindle ON clockwise


M04: Spindle ON counter clockwise
M20: Tailstock back
M21: Tailstock forward

CNC Prg. Basics 14


G00, Rapid Traverse

Tool position X69 Z5 Absolute dimensions of the


target point coordinates:
N030 G90
N040 G00 X48 Z-26
An absolute X coordinate related
to the diameter.

Incremental dimensions of
the target point
coordinates:
N030 G91
N040 G00 X-10,5 Z-31
CNC Prg. Basics 15
G01, Linear Interpolation

G01 X… Z… G90:
N030 G00 X39 Z2
N040 G01 X39 Z0
N050 G90
N060 G01 X48 Z-37
G91:
N030 G00 X39 Z2
N040 G01 X39 Z0
N050 G91
P0: tool position N060 G01 X4.5 Z-37

CNC Prg. Basics 16


G90 & G91 Commands

G90
G01 X+140 Z-90

Target point abs.

G91
G01 X+40 Z-60
Target point incr.
PO: Start Point
P1: Target Point

CNC Prg. Basics 17

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