0% found this document useful (0 votes)

15 views12 pages

Environmental Pollution

The document discusses different types of environmental pollution including air, water, and land pollution. It provides details on the causes and effects of air and water pollution. The document emphasizes the importance of prevention efforts through individual actions, regulations, and corporate responsibility to address pollution issues.

Uploaded by

rejeenfullel

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

0% found this document useful (0 votes)

15 views12 pages

Environmental Pollution

Uploaded by

rejeenfullel

We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.

Available Formats

Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

You are on page 1/ 12

Environmental Pollution

Presented by: Jhabindra Fullel

Presented to: Department of Biology

Nepal Mega College
Babarmahal, Kathmandu
Introduction to Environmental Pollution
Environmental pollution is defined
as any undesirable change in
environment or the unfavorable
alteration of our surroundings,
wholly or largely as a byproduct of
man's actions, through direct or
indirect effects of the changes in
the energy pattern, radiation
levels, and chemical and physical
constitution and abundance of
organisms. This pollution poses
significant threats to ecosystems,
biodiversity, and human health.
Types of Environmental Pollution

Air Pollution Water Pollution Land Pollution

Air Pollution
Air pollution refers to the presence of pollutants or contaminants in the Earth's
atmosphere that can be harmful to living organisms and the environment. Common air
pollutants include particulate matter, ground-level ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulphur
dioxide, carbon monoxide, and volatile organic compounds. Sources of air pollution
include industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, agricultural activities, and the burning of
fossil fuels.
Causes of Air Pollution
Industrial emissions: Factories and power plants release pollutants, including sulfur dioxide and
nitrogen oxide, contributing to air pollution.

Vehicle emissions: The combustion of fossil fuels in cars, trucks, and motorcycles produces
carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxide, polluting the air.

Agricultural activities: The use of fertilizers and pesticides in farming can release harmful
chemicals into the air, causing pollution.

Volcanic Eruption: Volcanic gases that pose the greatest potential hazards are sulfur dioxide,
carbon dioxide, and hydrogen fluoride. Locally, sulfur dioxide gas can lead to acid rain and air
pollution downwind from a volcano.
Effects of Air Pollution
Respiratory problems: Exposure to polluted air can lead to respiratory issues such as asthma,
bronchitis, and lung cancer.

Global warming: Certain air pollutants, like carbon dioxide and methane, contribute to the
greenhouse effect, causing climate change and global warming.

Effect on Animals: The air pollutants suspend in the water bodies and affect aquatic life.
Pollution also compels the animals to leave their habitat and shift to a new place.

Ozone Layer Depletion: The release of chlorofluorocarbons, halons, and

hydrochlorofluorocarbons in the atmosphere is the major cause of depletion of the ozone layer.

Acid rain: Air pollution can result in the formation of acidic compounds, which, when
combined with rain, can cause damage to plants, buildings, and aquatic ecosystems.
Prevention of Air Pollution

Use of cleaner fuels: Promote the use of renewable energy sources and cleaner fuels to
reduce emissions from vehicles and industrial processes.

Embrace sustainable transportation: Encourage the use of public transportation, biking,

and walking to reduce the number of vehicles on the road.

Strict emission regulations: Implement and enforce strict emission standards for
industries and power plants to limit pollution.

•Use of Clean Energy Resource: It will help to reduce the pollution level. Instead of using fossil
fuels, we can use natural resources to produce energy like Solar Energy, Wind Energy, etc. By
decreasing and eliminating the usage of fire and fire-related items.
Water Pollution

Water pollution is an undesirable change in

physical and biotic elements of the aquatic
environment which affects the life of plants and
animals. It occurs when harmful substances
contaminate water bodies, such as rivers, lakes,
oceans, and groundwater. Pollutants can include
chemicals, heavy metals, pathogens, and
nutrients. Common sources of water pollution
include industrial discharges, agricultural runoff,
improper disposal of waste, and oil spills. Water
pollution can have severe consequences for
aquatic ecosystems and human health, as
contaminated water may not be safe for
consumption or recreational use.
Causes of Water Pollution

Industrial waste: Improper disposal of

industrial waste, including chemicals and heavy
metals, can contaminate water bodies, making
them unfit for human use and harming aquatic
life.

Sewage and wastewater: Untreated or poorly

treated sewage and wastewater from residential
areas and industries can introduce harmful
bacteria, viruses, and toxins into water sources.

Oil spills: Accidental or intentional release of

oil into oceans and rivers can have devastating
impacts on marine life and ecosystems.
Effects of Water Pollution

Contaminated drinking water: Water

pollution can render drinking water sources
unsafe, leading to various waterborne diseases
and health issues.

Decline in aquatic biodiversity: Pollutants in

water bodies can harm aquatic organisms,
disrupt ecosystems, and lead to the decline of
fish populations and other aquatic species.

Eutrophication: Excessive nutrient levels in

water due to pollution can cause algal blooms,
depleting oxygen levels and leading to the death
of marine life.
Prevention of Water Pollution

Proper waste management: Encourage proper waste disposal practices, including recycling, treatment of
wastewater, and responsible use of chemicals.

Protection of water sources: Establish buffer zones around water bodies and restrict activities that can harm
water quality, such as mining and industrial waste discharge.

Education and awareness: Educate the public about the importance of water conservation and pollution
prevention, promoting responsible water usage.

Recycling of waste Products: Different types of wastes and pollutants may be recycled. These recycling
facilities should be formulated and implemented by all industries.
Conclusion