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Unit 5 - Raster Data Analysis and Data Display

This document discusses raster data analysis and data display. It covers the following topics: 1. Raster data analysis environment, including defining the analysis extent and output cell size. 2. Local raster operations like arithmetic, comparison, and conditional operations. 3. Zonal raster operations that analyze values within contiguous or noncontiguous zones. 4. Data display techniques including common map types, symbolization, typography, and general map design.

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ajayagupta1101
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28 views

Unit 5 - Raster Data Analysis and Data Display

This document discusses raster data analysis and data display. It covers the following topics: 1. Raster data analysis environment, including defining the analysis extent and output cell size. 2. Local raster operations like arithmetic, comparison, and conditional operations. 3. Zonal raster operations that analyze values within contiguous or noncontiguous zones. 4. Data display techniques including common map types, symbolization, typography, and general map design.

Uploaded by

ajayagupta1101
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Raster Data

Analysis and data


display
Module 5
Topics to be covered
Chap: Raster data analysis Chap: Data Display
• Data analysis environment, • Cartographic symbolization
• Zonal operations, • Types of maps
• Typography
• Map design
Data analysis environment
• Because a raster operation may involve two or more raster, it is
necessary to define the data analysis environment by specifying its
area extent and output cell size.
• The area extent for analysis may correspond to a specific raster, or
an area defined by its minimum and maximum x-, y-coordinates, or
a combination of raster.
• Given a combination of raster with different area extents, the area
extent for analysis can be based on the union or intersect of the
raster.
• The union option uses an area extent that encompasses all input
raster, whereas the intersect option uses an area extent that is
common to all input raster.
• An analysis mask, either a feature layer or a raster, can also
determine the area extent for analysis.
• An analysis mask limits analysis to its area coverage.
Local operations

• Vector overlay operators are useful but geometrically complicated and this sometimes
results in poor operator performance.
• Raster overlays do not suffer this disadvantage as most of calculations are cell based and
are thus faster.
• When producing a new raster, we must provide a name for it, and define how it is
computed. This is done in an assignment statement of following format:

Operators:
1. Arithmetic
2. Comparison and Logical
3. Conditional
Zonal operations
• A zonal operation works with groups of cells of same values or like
features.
• These groups are called zones. Zones may be contiguous or
noncontiguous.
• A contiguous zone includes cells that are spatially connected, whereas
a noncontiguous zone includes separate regions of cells.
• A watershed raster is an example of a contiguous zone, in which cells
that belong to the same watershed are spatially connected.
• A land use raster is an example of a noncontiguous zone, in which one
type of land use may appear in different parts of the raster.
• A zonal operation may work with a single raster or two raster.
• Given a single input raster, zonal operations measure the geometry
of each zone in the raster, such as area, perimeter, thickness, and
centroid.

MEAN
Cartographic symbolization
Types of Maps
The dot map uses uniform point The choropleth map symbolizes, with
symbols to show geospatial data, shading, derived data based on
with each symbol representing a administrative units
unit value
The graduated symbol map uses The chart map uses either pie charts or
different-sized symbols such as circles, bar charts. A variation of the graduated
squares, or triangles to represent circle, the pie chart can display two sets
different ranges of values. of quantitative data
The isarithmic map uses a system of
isolines to represent a surface. Each
The flow map displays flow or isoline connects points of equal value.
spatial interaction data such as GIS users often use the isarithmic map to
stream flow, traffic, and migration display the terrain
data
Typography
• A map cannot be understood without text on it.
• Text is needed for almost every map element.
• Mapmakers treat text as a map symbol because, like point, line, or
area symbols, text can have many type variations.
• Using type variations to create a pleasing and coherent map is
therefore part of the mapmaking process.
Map design

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