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Enumeration

The document discusses enumerations in C++ programming. It defines an enumeration as a user-defined data type consisting of integral constants that specifies all possible values a variable of that type can have. An example enum defines the days of the week. Enums improve code readability and understanding by allowing a variable to only take on set values. Sample code shows declaring an enum for suits and setting a variable to one of the enum values.

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38 views8 pages

Enumeration

The document discusses enumerations in C++ programming. It defines an enumeration as a user-defined data type consisting of integral constants that specifies all possible values a variable of that type can have. An example enum defines the days of the week. Enums improve code readability and understanding by allowing a variable to only take on set values. Sample code shows declaring an enum for suits and setting a variable to one of the enum values.

Uploaded by

saad.pisjes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Programming Language

INSTRUCTOR: Dr. Benish Amin


2

Fundamentals of Enumeration

• Enumeration
– An enumeration is a user-defined data type that consists of
integral constants.
– It specifies all the possible values a variable of that type can
have. E.g. week enumeration can have seven days of week.
– To define an enumeration, keyword enum is used.
3

Fundamentals of Enumeration

• Example
– enum season {spring, summer, autumn, winter};
– Here season is name of enumeration.
– And, spring, summer and winter are values of type season.
– By default, spring is 0, summer is 1 and so on. You can change
the default value of an enum element during declaration (if
necessary).
4

Example
• Example
enum season
{
spring=0,
summer=4,
autumn=8,
winter=12
};
5

Why to use Enums in C++ Programming

• An enum variable takes only one value out of


many possible values.
• It improves code readability and understanding.
6
1 #include <iostream>
2
3 using namespace std;
4
5 enum week{ Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday};
6
7 int main()
8 {
9 week today;
10 today = Wednesday;
11 cout<<“Day ”<< today+1;
12 return 0;
13 }

Day 4
7
1 // code 15
2 // Using enum.
3 #include <iostream>
4
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7
8
9
10
11
12 enum suit{
13 club =0,
14 diamonds =10,
15 hearts =20,
16 spades =30,
17 } card;
18 int main()
19 {
20 card =club;
21
• cout<<“value is ”<< hearts;
• return 0;
• }
25

value is 20
8
1 // code 15
2 // Using enum.
3 #include <iostream>
4
5 using std::cout;
6 using std::endl;
7
8
9
10
11
12 enum suit{
13 club =0,
14 diamonds =10,
15 hearts =20,
16 spades =30,
17 } card;
18 int main()
19 {
20 card =club;
21
• cout<<“Size of enum variable ”<< sizeof(card) << “bytes.”;
• return 0;
• }
25

Size of enum variable 4 bytes.

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