Summarization of C

Language: C

English Language C Language

26 Alphabets 32 Keywords

Alphabets Keywords (32), Operators(45), Separators(14)

Words Statements, Loops

Sentences Body of the Program

Paragraph Header Section , User defined Functions

Essay Program
C Tokens

Identifiers- Name of variables, Arrays, functions,

datatypes
Key words-should be in lower case
Variables- Identifiers used to store the data
values
Strings
Constants
Special Characters
Datatypes

Primary/Fundamental- char, int, float,double

User defined – typedef, enum
Derived – Arrays, pointer, structure, union
Empty - void

4
Constants

Integer – Decimal, Octal, Hexadecimal

Real- floating point
Char-single quotes
String- double quotes

5
Escape Sequences

\t Inserts a tab in the text at this point.

\b Inserts a backspace in the text at this point.

\n Inserts a newline in the text at this point.

\r Inserts a carriage return in the text at this point.

\f Inserts a form feed in the text at this point.

\’ Inserts a single quote character in the text at this point.

\” Inserts a double quote character in the text at this point.

\\ Inserts a backslash character in the text at this point.

6
Operators

Arithmetic(+,-,*,/,%)
Increment & Decrement(++,--)
Relational(<,>,<=,>=,==,!=)
Logical(&&,||,!)
Conditional/ Ternary(?:)
Bit-wise(&,|,~,<<,>>)
Assignment(=)
Special(,,*,&,sizeof(),.and->)

7
Precedence of Operators

(),[],.,->
Unary operator(!,~,+,-,++,--,&,*,sizeof)
Arithmetic(*,/,%,+,-)
Left and right shift
Relational
Bitwise
Logical
Conditional
Shorthand
Comma
8
Associativity of operators

Unary ,Shorthand Operator and Assignment –

Right to Left
Others – Left to Right

9
Samples

int a=10,20,30; value of a=10

int a=(10,20,30); value of a=30
int a=5; printf("%d"+1,a); d
int a=5; printf("%d%d"+2,a); 5
Printf(“%c”,’a’); a
Printf(“%c”,’Programme’); e
printf("%c ", “Programming"[3]); g

10
Samples

Coding Output
#include<stdio.h> 15
#include<Conio.h> 15
int main() 15 206592320
{
int a,b;
a=5,b=10;
printf("%d",a+b);
printf("\n%d",a+b,a);
printf("\n%d\t%d",a+b);
return 0;
}

11
Samples

Coding Output

int a,b;
float c,d;
a=10,b=4;
c=5.5,d=4;
printf("%d\t%d",a/b,a/c); 2 -536870912
printf("\n%d\t%d",c/a,c/d); -1610612736 0
printf("\n%d",a%b); 2

12
Samples

Coding Output

int a,b;
float c,d;
a=10,b=4;
c=5.5,d=4;
printf("%d\t%f",a/b,a/c); 2 1.818182
printf("\n%f\t%f",c/a,c/d); 0.550000 1.375000
printf("\n%d",a%b); 2

13
Samples

Coding Output

int a,b;
float c,d;
a=10,b=-4;
c=-5.5,d=4;
printf("%d\t%f",a/b,a/c); -2 -1.818182
printf("\n%f\t%f",c/a,c/d); -0.550000 -1.375000
printf("\n%d",a%b); 2
printf("\n%d",-a%b); -2

14
Shifting Operators

15
Logical Operator

a&&b If ‘a’ is not true(0), it won’t check the

value for b; result will be 0
a||bIf ‘a’ is true(1) it won’t check the value for
b; result will be 1
Eg:if a=0 and b=1
a&&++b0
a=0,b=1

16
Logical OR

int main()
{
int a=1,b=0; First:a=1,b=0,c=1
int c,d; Second:a=0,b=1,c=1,d=1
c=a||++b;
printf(“First:a=%d,b=%d,c

=%d",a,b,c);
d=--a||++b;
printf(“Second:a=%d,b=%
d,c=%d,d=%d",a,b,c,d);
}

17
Logical AND

int main() First: a=0,b=1,c=0,d=53

{
Second:a=1,b=2,c=0,d=1
int a=0,b=1;
int c,d;
c=a&&++b;
printf("First:a=%d,b=%d,c
=%d,d=%d\
n",a,b,c,d);
d=++a&&++b;
printf("Second:a=%d,b=%
d,c=%d,d=%d",a,b,c,d);
}
18
Increment/Decrement

{ {
int a=5,b; int a=5,b;
b=a++ + a++; b= ++a + a++;
printf("a=%d b=%d",a,b); printf("a=%d b=%d",a,b);
} }

Output: Output:

a=7 b=11 a=7 b=13

19
Increment/Decrement

{ {

int a=5,b; int a=5,b;

b= ++a + ++a; b= a++ + ++a;

printf("a=%d b=%d",a,b); printf("a=%d b=%d",a,b);

} }

Output: Output:

a=7 b=14 a=7 b=12

20
printf()

printf("""Hello"""); printf(""Hello"");

Output:Hello [Error] expected ')' before

'Hello'

21
printf()

• printf("%d",(printf("Hello")));
Hello5

• printf("%d",(printf("%d",(printf("Hello")))));
Hello51

22
printf()

• printf("%d",(scanf(“%d %d“,&a,&b)));
2
• printf("%d",(scanf(“%c %d“,&a,&b)));
2

23
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25