Scribd
Upload
32 views27 pages

Normal Distributions

The document discusses the normal distribution and its properties. It explains that a normal distribution is bell-shaped and depends on two parameters: the mean and standard deviation. Some key properties are that 68.3% of values fall within one standard deviation of the mean, 95.4% within two standard deviations, and 99.7% within three standard deviations. Examples show how to find the mean, standard deviation, and draw the normal curve given percentages of values within certain ranges.

Uploaded by

Arianne Trish Maggay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
32 views27 pages

Normal Distributions

The document discusses the normal distribution and its properties. It explains that a normal distribution is bell-shaped and depends on two parameters: the mean and standard deviation. Some key properties are that 68.3% of values fall within one standard deviation of the mean, 95.4% within two standard deviations, and 99.7% within three standard deviations. Examples show how to find the mean, standard deviation, and draw the normal curve given percentages of values within certain ranges.

Uploaded by

Arianne Trish Maggay
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

Normal Distributions

LEARNING OBJECTIVES:
• Illustrate a normal random variable;
• Identify the properties of the normal
distribution;
• Construct the normal curve; and
• Recognize the importance of the normal curve in
statistical inference.
Why is it important for statisticians and
researchers to assume that the data they are
dealing with are normally distributed?
A continuous random variable is considered
normal when its values are distributed normally,
that is, when majority of the values are close to the
expected value with only very few values that are
extremely smaller and extremely larger.
For example, in a grade 11 class, observe that the
students normally have a height of 170 cm or very close
to that, with only a number of students who are
extremely tall and some who are extremely short. This
illustrate a normal random variable. Other examples of
normal random variables include blood pressure, scores
in a test, and the weights of students belonging to the
same age group.
The graph of a normal distribution is a bell shaped
curve, which is also called the normal curve.

In general, a normal random variable has a probability


density function that depends on two parameters- the mean
and the standard deviation.
Normal Random Variable

A continuous random variable X can be considered a


normal variable when it has a probability density
function of the form.

Where µ is the expected value (mean), is the standard


deviation, , and .
Properties of the Normal Distribution

1.The graph is a continuous curve with the domain.


2.The graph is asymptotic to the - the value of the
variable approaches but will never be equal to 0.
3.The maximum point on the curve occurs at .
Properties of the Normal Distribution

4. The graph is symmetrical about the line. It


implies that the mean of the distribution is located
at the center and it indicates the line of
demarcation in which the region occupied by the
curve is divided into two halves.
Properties of the Normal Distribution

5. The median and mode of the distribution are


also located at the center of the graph. This
implies that in a normal distribution, the mean,
median, and mode are equal.
Properties of the Normal Distribution
6. The area under the curve
bounded by the is equal to 1.
The factor. In the probability
density function ensures this
area. Also, since the mean
divides the curve into halves,
then 50% of the area is to the
left of the mean and the other 50%
50% 50%
50%

50% is to the right.


Properties of the Normal Distribution

7. The standard deviation affects both the width and the


height of the curve.
8. In general, the graph of a normal distribution is a
bell-shaped curve with two inflection points, one on the
left and another on the right. Inflection points are the
points that mark the change in the curve’s concavity.
Properties of the Normal Distribution

9. The standard deviation precisely describes the


spread of the normal curve. In fact, approximately
68.3% of the values in the distribution are within one
standard deviation from the mean (from each side),
95.4% is within two standard deviations from the
mean, and 99.7% is within three standard deviations
from the mean.
The Area Under Normal Curve
68.3%
95.4%
99.7%
Example 1. Find the standard deviation of the normal
distribution where 99.7% of the values fall between 52 and 82.

Solution: The mean is the point halfway between 52 and 82.


Thus,

Since 99.7% of the values fall between 52 and 82, then by


property 9 there are three deviations from the mean. Solving for
Example 2. Assume that 68.3% of grade 11 students have
heights between 1.5 and 1.7 m and the data are normally
distributed.

a.Find the mean


b. Compute the standard deviation
c. Construct the normal curve of the normal
distribution.
SOLUTION:

a. To find the mean, compute the value that is halfway


between 1.5 and 1.7.
b. By property 9 of the given normal distribution, 68.3% accounts
for 1 standard deviation of the mean. Solve for
c. The equation of the normal random
variable is
Substituting the values of x in the equation. To construct the
normal curve, solve the corresponding values up to three
standard deviations of the mean (on both sides) using the normal
density function.
Using symmetry (property 4),

X 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9

Y 0.0443 0.5399 2.4197 3.9894 2.4197 0.5399 0.0443


ACTIVITY:

The salary of 68.3 % teachers are between 20,000 and 23,000


a. Compute the mean
b. Find the standard deviation
c. Draw the corresponding normal curve
Evaluation:What I have learned so far? Pp. 87
1. Complete the statement by filling in the appropriate word or term on the
blank
a. The graph of a normal distribution is asymptotic to the
________________.
b. The total area under the normal curve is ________________.
c. The graph of a normal distribution is symmetric along the vertical line
that contains the _____________ of the distribution.
d. The mean, median, and mode of a normal distribution are _________.
e. The graph of the normal distribution depends on the _________ and the
___________.
2. The IQ scores of 95.4%of the grade 11 students
are between 90 and 110.

a. compute the mean.


b. find the standard equation
c. Draw the corresponding normal curve..
Assignment:

Search about Standard Normal Distribution

You might also like