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02 Stubs and Mocks

This document discusses unit testing in C++ using stubs and mocks. It introduces Google Mock as a mocking framework for C++. Mock objects allow specifying expectations of how dependencies will be used in tests. With Google Mock, expectations are set using EXPECT_CALL() and return values specified with actions like Will(). Tests initialize Google Mock and call RUN_ALL_TESTS(). Matchers can specify expected argument values. Cardinalities like Times() specify how many calls should occur. Google Mock allows dependency injection and behavior verification in C++ unit tests.

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MAHESH V
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83 views17 pages

02 Stubs and Mocks

This document discusses unit testing in C++ using stubs and mocks. It introduces Google Mock as a mocking framework for C++. Mock objects allow specifying expectations of how dependencies will be used in tests. With Google Mock, expectations are set using EXPECT_CALL() and return values specified with actions like Will(). Tests initialize Google Mock and call RUN_ALL_TESTS(). Matchers can specify expected argument values. Cardinalities like Times() specify how many calls should occur. Google Mock allows dependency injection and behavior verification in C++ unit tests.

Uploaded by

MAHESH V
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 17

C + + U n i t Te s t i n g

Stubs & Mocks


EXERCISE 图书馆管理员 (Librarian) 会定期向书商
(BookVendor) 购买一些书籍来充实图书馆 :

 书商能够提供多种图书 ( 附有价格 ) 供管
理员进行选择

 管理员仅会挑选当前图书馆中不存在的书
籍进行购买

 管理员选好图书后 , 会向书商支付所选书
籍的总金额

2
EXERCISE  从原始 Repo 上更新代码
 git remote add source https://github.com/
coney/cpp-unit-testing.git
 git pull source master

 重构 Librarian, 使管理员可以通过 store


方法存入一个 Book 对象

 思考如何编写 Librarian::store(vendor)
的测试

3
MOCKING
With Google Mock

4
WHY GOOGLE MOCK

 You want to "mock out" your dependencies.


 Your tests are slow as they depend on too many libraries or
use expensive resources (e.g. a database).
 Your tests are brittle as some resources they use are
unreliable (e.g. the network, current time).
 You want to test how your code handles a failure which is
not easy to trigger.
 You need to make sure that your module interacts with
other modules in the right way.
 Dependent Interface Does not yet exist or may change
behavior.

5
MOCK OBJECT

A mock object implements the same interface as a real


object (so it can be used as one), but lets you specify at
run time how it will be used and what it should do

6
EXPECTATIONS

Use the EXPECT_CALL() macro to set an


expectation on a mock method

7
ACTIONS

The return value of mock functions can be


specified by Will and Return Statement

8
USING GMOCK

 include <gmock/gmock.h>
 write your mocks and tests
 initialize gmock by InitGoogleMock()
 call RUN_ALL_TESTS() in main() function
 compile and run

InitGoogleMock() will automatically initialize Google Test


9
EXERCISE 图书馆管理员 (Librarian) 会定期向书商
(BookVendor) 购买一些书籍来充实图书馆 :

 书商能够提供多种图书 ( 附有价格 ) 供管
理员进行选择

 管理员仅会挑选当前图书馆中不存在的书
籍进行购买

 管理员选好图书后 , 会向书商支付所选书
籍的总金额

1
0
STUBS VS MOCKS
Behavior Based Verification

1
1
TEST DOUBLES

 Dummy objects are passed around but never actually used.


Usually they are just used to fill parameter lists

 Fake objects actually have working implementations, but


usually take some shortcut which makes them not suitable
for production

 Stubs provide canned answers to calls made during the


test, usually not responding at all to anything outside
what's programmed in for the test

 Mocks are objects pre-programmed with expectations


which form a specification of the calls they are expected to
receive
1
2
MATCHERS

When a mock function takes arguments, we


can specify the expected arguments value

testing::_ will match any input arguments

1
3
CARDINALITIES

Use the Times() to specify the cardinality as it


tells how many times the call should occur

1
4
EXERCISE 图书馆管理员 (Librarian) 会定期向书商
(BookVendor) 购买一些书籍来充实图书馆 :

 书商能够提供多种图书 ( 附有价格 ) 供管
理员进行选择

 管理员仅会挑选当前图书馆中不存在的书
籍进行购买

 管理员选好图书后 , 会向书商支付所选书
籍的总金额

1
5
REFERENCE

 https://
github.com/coney/cpp-unit-testing/tree/master/02-
GMock
 https://
code.google.com/p/googlemock/wiki/ForDummies
 https://
code.google.com/p/googlemock/wiki/CheatSheet
 https://
code.google.com/p/googlemock/wiki/CookBook
 https://
code.google.com/p/googlemock/wiki/FrequentlyAsk
1
6
THANK YOU
For questions or suggestions:

Wu Kun
[email protected]

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