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Osy Notes 3

The document discusses the key components and functions of an operating system. It describes 7 main components: 1) Process Management which creates, schedules, and terminates processes; 2) File Management which creates, deletes, and organizes files; 3) Network Management which maintains computer networks; 4) Memory Management which allocates and deallocates main memory; 5) Secondary Storage Management which manages disks and backup storage; 6) I/O Device Management which controls input/output operations and devices; and 7) Security Management which controls access to system resources through authorization. The operating system performs important functions for each component like allocating resources and hiding hardware details from users.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
39 views15 pages

Osy Notes 3

The document discusses the key components and functions of an operating system. It describes 7 main components: 1) Process Management which creates, schedules, and terminates processes; 2) File Management which creates, deletes, and organizes files; 3) Network Management which maintains computer networks; 4) Memory Management which allocates and deallocates main memory; 5) Secondary Storage Management which manages disks and backup storage; 6) I/O Device Management which controls input/output operations and devices; and 7) Security Management which controls access to system resources through authorization. The operating system performs important functions for each component like allocating resources and hiding hardware details from users.

Uploaded by

TAIBA SHAIKH
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CO_22516_Operating System

UO-3
Mrs. P. S. Gaidhani, Lecturer, Guru Gobind Singh Polytechnic, Nashik.
Services & Components of Operating System
Learning Objective/ Key learning

 Explain process the OS follows in managing the given resource.


Contents
 OS Components.
OS Components:
1. Process Management:
 Process: A program is in execution is a process
 Ex. A word-processing program being run by an individual user on a PC is a
process or
A system task, such as sending output to a printer, can also be a process
 Single Threaded & Multi Threaded

 Process Mgt Purpose: manages many processes running simultaneously on


the operating system.
 Every running software application program has one or more processes
associated with them. Here are the following functions of process
management in the operating system, such as:
 Process creation and deletion.
 Suspension and resumption.
 Synchronization process
 Communication process
Reference Book Used: Abraham Silberschatz-Operating System Concepts -9 th Edition-Page No:24 & 25
1. Process Management:

Here are the following functions of process management in the operating


system, such as:

 Process creation and deletion.


 Scheduling Processes
 Thread Management(Single/Multithreaded)
 Suspension and resumption.
 Synchronization process
 Communication process
2. File Management:

 A file is a set of related information defined by its creator.


 It commonly represents programs (both source and object forms) and data.
 Data files can be alphabetic, numeric, or alphanumeric.
 Files are normally organized into directories to make them easier to use.
 When multiple users have access to files, it may be desirable to control which
user may access a file and how that user may access it (for example, read,
write, execute,append).

The operating system has the following important activities in connection


with file management:
 Creating & deleting files
 Creating and deleting directories to organize files
 Mapping files onto secondary storage
 Backing up files on stable (nonvolatile) storage media.
Reference Book Used: Abraham Silberschatz-Operating System Concepts -9 th Edition-Page No:26 & 27
3. Network Management:

 Network management is the process of managing computer networks.


 Organizing and managing the Active and Passive Network Elements
 Network management is the process of keeping your network healthy for
an efficient communication between different computers.
 Services provided like
 Network Fault analysis
 Network Configuration
 Network Troubleshooting
 Network Performance Management
 Maintain Quality of Service
4. Maim Memory Management:
 Memory is a large array of words or bytes, each with its own address.
 The CPU reads instructions from main memory (MM) during the instruction-
fetch cycle and both reads and writes data from MM during the data-fetch
cycle

An Operating System performs the following functions for Memory


Management in the operating system:

 It helps you to keep track of primary memory.


 Determine what part of it are in use by whom, what part is not in use.
 In a multiprogramming system, the OS decides which process will get
memory and how much.
 Allocates the memory when a process requests.
 It also de-allocates the memory when a process no longer requires or has
beenBook
Reference terminated.
Used: Abraham Silberschatz-Operating System Concepts -9 th Edition-Page No:25 & 26
5. Secondary Storage Management:
 The most important task of a computer system is to execute programs.
 These programs help you to access the data from the main memory during
execution.
 This memory of the computer is very small to store all data and programs
permanently.
 The computer system offers secondary storage to back up the main
memory.

Here are some major functions of secondary storage management in the


operating system:
 Storage allocation
 Free space management
 Disk scheduling
6. I/O Device Management:
 The role of the operating system in computer I/O is to manage and control
I/O operations and I/Odevices.
 One of the important use of an operating system that helps to hide the
variations of specific hardware devices from the user.

The I/O management system offers the following functions, such as:
 Hide the details of H/W devices
 It provides general device driver code
 Manage main memory for the devices using cache, buffer,
 It provides drivers for particular hardware devices.
7. Security Management:
 The various processes in an operating system need to be secured from other
activities.
 Security Management refers to a mechanism for controlling the access of
programs,
 Therefore, various mechanisms can ensure those processes that want to operate
files, memory CPU, and other hardware resources should have proper
authorization from the operating system.
Summary
So today we learn-
 OS Components

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