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Lecture # 3

This document discusses various types of functions including: 1. Linear functions defined by slope and y-intercept. Constant and identity functions are also types of linear functions. 2. Parabolic functions like the square function. Cubic functions are also discussed. 3. Other functions covered include reciprocal, square root, absolute value, greatest integer, and piecewise definitions. Rational functions and their graphs are mentioned at the end.

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11 views

Lecture # 3

This document discusses various types of functions including: 1. Linear functions defined by slope and y-intercept. Constant and identity functions are also types of linear functions. 2. Parabolic functions like the square function. Cubic functions are also discussed. 3. Other functions covered include reciprocal, square root, absolute value, greatest integer, and piecewise definitions. Rational functions and their graphs are mentioned at the end.

Uploaded by

kingmc.chohan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Calculus & Analytical Geometry Instructor: Dr.

Rai Sajjad
MATH- 101 (SEECS, NUST)
Identifying Functions and
their graphs
Linear Functions

Equations that can be


written

slope intercept

The domain and range of these functions is the set


of all real numbers i.e., .
𝑓 ( 𝑥)=3 𝑓 ( 𝑥)=−1 𝑓 ( 𝑥)=1
Constant Functions
where is a real number

The domain of these functions is all real numbers, i.e.,

The range will only be , i.e.,


Identity Function
If we put any real number
in this function, we get the
same real number “back”.
𝑓 ( 𝑥)= 𝑥

, slope 1, intercept = 0
The domain of this function is all real numbers, i.e., .
The range is also all real numbers , i.e., .
Square Function (Parabolic Function)

𝑓 ( 𝑥)=𝑥 2

The domain of this function is all real numbers, i.e., .


The range of this function is:
Cubic Function

𝑓 ( 𝑥)= 𝑥 3

The domain of this function is all real numbers, i.e., .


The range is also all real numbers , i.e., .
Reciprocal Function

1
𝑓 (𝑥 )=
𝑥

The domain of this function is all non-zero real numbers, i.e.,

The range is:


Square Root Function

𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =√ 𝑥

The domain of this function is:


The range is:
These are the functions that are defined
differently on different parts of the
domain.

FU
IS E

NC
W

TIO
NS
Absolute Value Function

𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =|𝑥|
The domain of this function is all real numbers:

The range is:


The Greatest Integer Function
(floor function)
Floor Function: the greatest integer that is less than or equal
to

{
0 ≤ 𝑥< 1
0,
1 ≤ 𝑥 <2
1,
. .
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) =⌊ 𝑥 ⌋ = [ 𝑥 ] = [ [ 𝑥 ] ] =∫ 𝑥 =
. .
− 1 , − 1 ≤ 𝑥 <0
− 2 , − 2 ≤ 𝑥 <− 1

Practice: Define the least integer function (ceiling function).


𝑓 (𝑥 )=
{
− 𝑥 , 𝑥 <0
2
¿∧𝑥 , 𝑥 ≥ 0
Remember so lets graph which is a
square function (parabola)

Since we are only supposed to


graph this for we’ll only keep the
right half of the graph.

This then is the graph for the


piecewise function given above.
{
¿ 2 𝑥 +5 , −3 ≤ 𝑥<0
𝑓 ( 𝑥 ) = ¿∧− 3 , 𝑥=0 open dot

¿∧−5 𝑥 , 𝑥>0
since not
"or equal to"

solid dot for


"or equal to"
Rational Functions
Graphs of rational functions:

Domain:
Domain:
Range:
Range:

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