SIMPLE RANDOM

SAMPLING
Presented By Group 1
12 CAPE – Communication Studies
Objectives Simple Random
Sampling?
At the end of this lesson, you will be able
to:
 Know key terms related to simple random sampling
 State what the term ‘Simple Random Sampling’ means and what it is about
 Know when to use simple random sampling
 Know how to perform simple random sampling
 State the advantages and disadvantages of simple random sampling
 Know the methods of simple random sampling
 State examples of simple random sampling
 Know calculations relating to simple random sampling
 State the applications of simple random sampling in real life
 Key Terms

 Subject  A subject is an individual in a sample

 Subset  A subset refers to a part of a larger group

(population)

 Population  A population is the group of individuals,

items or events that the researcher wants to study.

 Sample  A sample is a subset of a population

 Sampling bias  This occurs when some members of a

population are systematically more likely to be
selected in a sample than others.
WHAT IS SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING ?
Simple random sampling is a
statistical method in which
everyone in a population has
an equal chance of being
selected into a sample. The
sample represents a smaller
and a more manageable
portion of the people that
can be studied and analyzed.
ABOUT SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
 Simple random sampling, as the name suggests, is a spontaneous process.
Each subject from the population is chosen randomly and entirely by chance.
Because individuals who make up the subset of the larger group are chosen at
random, each individual in the large population set has the same probability of
being selected. This creates, in most cases, a balanced subset that carries the
greatest potential for representing the larger group as a whole.

 Simple random sampling is considered a fair and unbiased sample selection

method. It is also a fundamental technique used to gather data and make
inferences about a population.
WHEN IS IT BEST TO USE SIMPLE
RANDOM SAMPLING?
To use this method, there are some prerequisites:

 You have a complete list of every member of

It's always a good idea to use simple the population.
random sampling when you have  You can contact or access each member of the
smaller data sets to study. Keep in mind population if they are selected.
that this method requires that each  You have the time and resources to collect data

member of the larger population is from the necessary sample size.

identified and selected individually, In a nutshell, simple random sampling works best
which can often be challenging and if you have a lot of time and resources to conduct
time consuming. your study, or if you are studying a limited
population that can easily be sampled.
HOW TO PERFORM SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
Define the population
St • Start by deciding on the population that you want to study. It’s important to ensure that you have access to every
ep individual member of the population, so that you can collect data from all those who are selected for the sample.
1
Decide on the sample size
St • Decide on the desired sample size, which represents the number of individuals or items you want to include in
your sample. The sample size should be large enough to be statistically significant but manageable for data
ep collection.
2
Randomly select your sample
• There are two ways: the lottery or random number method. In the lottery method, you choose the sample at
St random by “drawing from a hat” or by using a computer program that will simulate the same action. In the
ep random number method, you assign every individual a number. By using a random number generator or random
number tables, you then randomly pick a subset of the population.
3
Collect data from your sample
St • To ensure the validity of your findings, you need to make sure every individual selected actually participates in
ep your study. If some drop out or do not participate for reasons associated with the question that you’re studying,
4 this could bias your findings.
 ADVANTAGES OF SIMPLE RANDOM
SAMPLING

 It is easy to understand and implement making it

ideal for novice researchers in sampling.

 It ensures that each member of the population has an

equal chance of being selected, which leads to a
representative sample of the population.

 It is a versatile method that can be used for both

large and small populations, as well as to sample
from both homogeneous and heterogeneous
populations.
DISADVANTAGES OF SIMPLE
RANDOM SAMPLING
 It can be time-consuming in identifying and
contacting every member of the population.

 In some cases, the sample may not be diverse enough

to be representative of the population.

 It can be difficult in obtaining a response from every

member of the population, which can result in non-
response bias and make it difficult to estimate
population characteristics.
 ~~METHODS OF SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING~~
Lottery method:
This method involves all the serial numbers being written down on chits of paper and being
put into a container that is properly mixed manually. Then, chits are picked out of the
container to select the sample group.

Technology (Software packages):

Different research tools are used by researchers to pick a sample group. Excel and SPSS are
the most common. Necessary commands must be input in regard to population size and
required sample size.

Random number tables:

Random number tables, such as the one below ranging from 000-300, can also be used. After
creating a random number table with the serial numbers of your target population, you may
select specific columns/rows for your sample group according to your decided sample size.
 1. The names of 25 employees being chosen out of a hat from a
EXAMPLES company of 250 employees. In this case, the population is all 250

OF SIMPLE
employees, and the sample is random because each employee has an
equal chance of being chosen. (The example in which the names of

RANDOM
25 employees out of 250 are chosen out of a hat is an example of the
lottery method at work. Each of the 250 employees would be

SAMPLING
assigned a number between 1 and 250, after which 25 of those
numbers would be chosen at random.)
2. A retail chain uses simple random sampling to assess the sales of all
its branches. The retail chain company can randomly select its
branches for 6 months to conduct detailed market research.
- Population: In this situation, the population is all the branches of the
retail company. Let’s say the retail company has 150 branches in the
entire country.
- Sample: With simple random sampling, the company selects 85 branches
for the market research.
- Data collection: To collect data, the company sends a survey (data
3. There is a town with 100,000 residents. We want to perform simple random sampling to
obtain a sample size of 1000. We first need to define the population, which could be residents
of the town who pay township taxes and are at least 18 years old. Next, we need to create a
complete list of residents who meet those criteria and add all eligible residents to our list.
Lastly, you could assign a number to every resident in the town’s database from 1 to 100,000,
and use a random number generator to select 1000 numbers.
CALCULATIONS IN SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING
Example:
The formula for simple random
sampling probability is as follows: Let’s say you have a population of 1,000
P(X i )= N/n students, and you want to select a simple
random sample of 100 students to conduct a
Where:
survey. Using the formula:
- P(X i ) represents the probability of
P(Xi) =100/1000 = 0.1
selecting a specific item or individual
This means that for each student in the
- n is the desired sample size (the
population, there is a 10% (0.1 or 1/10)
number of items to be selected in the
chance of being included in the sample. The
sample)
selection of each student is independent of
- N is the total number of items or the others, ensuring randomness.
individuals in the population.
 SIMPLE RANDOM SAMPLING IN
Applications in Research: RESEARCH
 Clinical Trials: In clinical research and drug trials, simple random sampling may be employed to assign
patients to treatment groups randomly. This ensures that the treatment groups are comparable and reduces
the potential for bias in assessing treatment outcomes.

 Market Research: Businesses use simple random sampling to select a subset of their customer base for
surveys or feedback collection. This allows them to gauge customer satisfaction and preferences accurately.

 Quality Control: In manufacturing and quality control processes, simple random sampling can be used to
select products or items for inspection. This helps identify defects and maintain product quality.

 Educational Research: In educational studies, researchers often use simple random sampling to select
schools, classrooms, or students for data collection. This ensures that findings can be generalized to the
broader educational context.
REFERENCES
 Thomas, L. (2020, August 28). Simple Random Sampling | Definition, Steps & Examples.
Scribbr. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from
https://www.scribbr.com/methodology/simple-random-sampling/

 Hayes, A. (2023, March 19). Simple Random Sampling: 6 Basic Steps With Examples.
Investopedia. Retrieved September 21, 2023, from
https://www.investopedia.com/terms/s/simple-random-sample.ap

 Fleetwood, D. (2022, February 14). Simple Random Sampling: Definition and Examples.
QuestionPro. Retrieved September 21, 2023 from
https://www.questionpro.com/blog/simple-random-sampling/

 Johnson, A. (2021, February 26). Simple Random Sampling: Methods, Examples, and
Advantages. VOXCO. Retrieved September 21, 2023 from
https://www.voxco.com/blog/simple-random-sampling/
 THANKS FOR
VIEWING!

Group Members:
Ashanti Jones
Rihanna Armstrong
Kamilah Francis
Mikayla Reid