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Decision Making

This document outlines an agenda for a decision making workshop. It begins with introducing ground rules and expectations for the workshop. The objectives are then stated as being able to gauge situations, make timely decisions, and implement effective decisions. The agenda covers topics such as organizational decision making, when decisions need to be made, decision making techniques including uncertainty and complexity, and steps to effective decision making. Additional sections discuss challenges, tools like multivoting and nominal group technique, and other methods such as Pareto analysis, brainstorming and SWOT analysis. Critical thinking and both reactive and speedy types of decision making are also briefly covered. The workshop aims to provide a systematic approach and techniques to improve participant's decision making

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Ambati Hari Krishna
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86 views35 pages

Decision Making

This document outlines an agenda for a decision making workshop. It begins with introducing ground rules and expectations for the workshop. The objectives are then stated as being able to gauge situations, make timely decisions, and implement effective decisions. The agenda covers topics such as organizational decision making, when decisions need to be made, decision making techniques including uncertainty and complexity, and steps to effective decision making. Additional sections discuss challenges, tools like multivoting and nominal group technique, and other methods such as Pareto analysis, brainstorming and SWOT analysis. Critical thinking and both reactive and speedy types of decision making are also briefly covered. The workshop aims to provide a systematic approach and techniques to improve participant's decision making

Uploaded by

Ambati Hari Krishna
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Decision Making Workshop

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Lost At Sea

 You and your team have chartered a yacht.


 None of you have any previous sailing experience, and you have hired an experienced
skipper and two-person crew.
 As you sail through the Southern Pacific Ocean a fire breaks out and much of the yacht and
its contents are destroyed.
 The yacht is slowly sinking.
 Your location is unclear because vital navigational and radio equipment has been
damaged.
 The yacht skipper and crew have been lost whilst trying to fight the fire.
 Your best guestimate is that you are approximately 1000 miles South West of the nearest
landfall.
 You and your friends have managed to save the following 15 items, undamaged and intact
after the fire.
Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance
Our Ground Rules

DOs

 Fun and Enjoy the Day


 Maintain Time
 Participate and Interact
 Ask Questions
 Agree to Disagree/ Disagree to Agree

DON’Ts

 Use of Cell Phones during our Session


 Cross talk

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


What are your expectations from the
programme?

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Objectives of the Workshop

 To be able to gauge situations and take right decisions

 To be able to be timely in a decision making process

 To implement effective and viable Decisions.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Agenda For The Workshop

 A systematic approach to decision making.

 Various techniques of decision making.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Decision Making

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Organizational Decision Making

 “The process of responding to a problem by searching for and selecting a


solution or course of action that will create value for organizational
stakeholders”.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


When Do We have to Make Decisions?

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


When Do We Make Decisions?

 Shortage of Time

Identification of a Problem

Risk

Certainty

Uncertainty

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Decision Making Techniques

 Uncertainty - Many facts may not be


known.

 Complexity - You have to consider many


interrelated factors.

 High-risk consequences - The impact of


the decision may be significant.

 Alternatives - Each has its own set of


uncertainties and consequences.

 Interpersonal issues - It can be difficult to


predict how other people will react.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Steps to Effective Decision Making

 Step 1:- Create a constructive environment

 Step 2:- Generate Good Alternatives

 Step 3:- Explore these Alternatives

 Step 4:- Choose the Best Alternative

 Step 5:- Check your Decision

 Step 6:- Communicate your Decision, and take Action

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Characteristics of Effective Decision Making

 Focuses on what is important

 Logical and consistent

 Acknowledges both subjective and


objective thinking

 Encourages and guides the


gathering of relevant information

 Straight forward, reliable and easy


to use

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Challenges for Decision Makers

 Decision making – The process


of identifying and choosing
alternative courses.

 Trends in Decision making – The


pace of Decision making is
accelerating: managers report
making more decisions and
having less time to make them.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Tools for Decision Making

• Multivoting
> Reduces long lists of ideas
> Identifies important items

• Nominal Group Technique


> Generates ideas
> Prioritizes items

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


What is Multivoting?

A group decision-making technique used to reduce a


long list of items to a manageable number by means
of a structured series of votes.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Benefits of Multivoting?

• Reduces a list
• Prioritizes a list
• Identifies important items

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Multivoting Procedure

Step 1 - Work from a large list


Step 2 - Assign letter to each item
Step 3 - Vote
Step 4 - Tally the votes
Step 5 - Repeat

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


What is Nominal Group Technique?

A weighted ranking method that allows a group to


generate and prioritize a large number of issues
within a structure that gives everyone an equal voice.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Benefits of Nominal Group Technique?

Reduces the number of issues


All team members participate
Rank orders items

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


NGT - Define the Issue and Generate Ideas

Define the issue


Generate ideas
Collect ideas
Clarify ideas
Combine ideas

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


NGT - Make the Selection

Assign letters to ideas


Rank ideas independently
Collate the rankings
Add the rankings
Rewrite the list in priority order
Perform a good sense check

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Other Tools for Decision Making

 Pareto Analysis

 Six Thinking hats

 Brainstorming

 Fish Bone Method

 SWOT Analysis

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Pareto Analysis

Pareto principle (also known as the 20-80 rule) states that


for many phenomena 80% of consequences shoot from
20% of the causes. That idea is often applied to data such
as: "20% of inputs are required for 80% of problem solving."

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Six Thinking Hats

Data, facts, information known or needed.


Difficulties, potential problems. Why something may not
work.
Feelings, hunches, gut instinct, and intuition.
Creativity - possibilities, alternatives, solutions, new
ideas.
Values and benefits. Why something may work.
Manage the thinking process, focus, next steps, action
plans.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Brainstorming

Step 1: Define your problem or issue as a challenge.


Step 2: Give yourselves a time limit to take decisions.
Step 3: Collection of ideas from team members.
Step 4: Select ideas that might be best for solving problems.
Step 5: Identify the criteria for selecting the best idea.
Step 6: Give each idea a score of 0 to 5 points depending on how
well it meets each criterion.
Step 7: The idea with the highest score will best solve your
problem.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Fish Bone

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


SWOT Analysis

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Critical Thinking

 Critical thinking is the


discipline of rigorously
and skillfully using
information, experience,
observation and
reasoning to guide your
decisions, actions and
beliefs

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance
Reactive Decision Making

 Defining the problem.

 Collecting necessary information.

 Developing options.

 Devising a plan.

 Executing.

 Following-up.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Speedy Decisions

To begin streamlining your company's decision-making processes, start by


eliminating unnecessary work such as approvals, reports, and paperwork.
As individuals and groups begin understanding what is being done, they
can use both the outcomes and the processes to help improve their own
areas or to suggest improvements in the larger system.

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Techniques for Improving Decision Making

 Brainstorming – idea generation for decision making.

 Nominal group technique (NGT)- problem outlined, presentation of solution in


written form, discussion over written solutions, and final decision.

 Delphi technique- decision made on the basis of consensus

 Questionnaire filled by the respondents.

 Consensus Mapping- decision made on the basis of the report presented by


the representative of each group after

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


Questions Please

Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance


FOR HELPING ME
TO LEARN FROM YOU
Team Learning and Development….Power for Performance

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