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Lecture 2 - Fibonacci Sequence

The document discusses the Fibonacci sequence in nature. It provides examples of how the Fibonacci sequence appears in patterns of plant petals, pinecones, seashells, and other biological forms. It also explains that the ratio of successive Fibonacci numbers approaches the golden ratio. Examples are given of how the Fibonacci sequence forms a spiral pattern.

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Sharon
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47 views13 pages

Lecture 2 - Fibonacci Sequence

The document discusses the Fibonacci sequence in nature. It provides examples of how the Fibonacci sequence appears in patterns of plant petals, pinecones, seashells, and other biological forms. It also explains that the ratio of successive Fibonacci numbers approaches the golden ratio. Examples are given of how the Fibonacci sequence forms a spiral pattern.

Uploaded by

Sharon
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FIBONACCI SEQUENCE

Prepared by
LICTAO, SHARON
This spiral is
found in
nature!
W H AT I S T H E F I B O N A C C I S E Q U E N C E I N N AT U R E ?
We can find Fibonacci numbers everywhere in nature. Here are some of the
most common patterns and sequences of Fibonacci numbers in nature:
• The petals in certain plants such as sunflowers, lilies, roses, and buttercups
follow the Fibonacci pattern, and these flowers are called Fibonacci flowers.
• Even the seeds of sunflowers are said to follow a Fibonacci pattern.
• The spirals that are found on the pinecone are equal to Fibonacci numbers.
• The seashells, and starfish that we find on the seashores, follow the pattern
of Fibonacci numbers.
I M P O RTA N T N O T E S O N F I B O N A C C I
NUMBERS:

Here is a list of a few points that should be remembered while


studying the Fibonacci numbers.
• The concept of Fibonacci numbers is only applicable to whole
numbers and decimal numbers from a financial perspective.
• The sequence of Fibonacci numbers also applies to numbers
below zero.
• The first Fibonacci number is always 0 and the second
Fibonacci number is always 1.
The Fibonacci Sequence is the series of numbers:
0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, ...
The next number is found by adding up the two
numbers ...
• the 2 is found by adding the two numbers before
it (1+1),
• the 3 is found by adding the two numbers before
it (1+2),
• and so on!
CAN YOU FIGURE OUT THE NEXT FEW
NUMBERS?

0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55,


89,144,233,377,610,987, 1597, 2584,
4181, 6765, 10946, 17711, 28657,
46368, 75025, 121393, 196418,
317811, 514229, ...
Makes A Spiral
• When we make squares
with those widths, we
get a nice spiral:
This spiral is
found in
nature!
the Golden Ratio (its symbol is the Greek
letter Phi, shown at left) is an expert at not
being any fraction.

It is an Irrational Number (meaning we


cannot write it as a simple fraction), but
more than that ... it is as far as we can get
from being near any fraction.
Golden Ratio
And here is a surprise. When we take
any two successive (one after the
other) Fibonacci Numbers, their ratio is
very close to the Golden Ratio "φ"
which is approximately 1.618034...
When we take any
two successive (one
after the
other) Fibonacci
Numbers, their ratio
is very close to the
Golden Ratio:
We don't have to start
with 2 and 3, here I
randomly chose 192
and 16 (and got the
sequence 192,
16,208,224,432,656,
1088, 1744, 2832,
4576, 7408, 11984,
19392, 31376, ...):

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