Earthquake
Hazards
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Earthquake In The Philippines
● Earthquakes have been occurring as part of Earth’s normal functioning.
● Earthquakes in the Philippines happen more frequently because of its geographical
location.
● The Philippines is one of the countries situated near the Pacific Ring of Fire, an area
recognized to have frequent and active earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
● Philippines is prone to ground movements due its geographical location in which the
boundaries of plates.
Philippine Fault
System
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Risk to
Earthquake
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Potential Earthquake
Hazards
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
01 Ground Shaking
Ground Shaking
The shaking of the ground is caused by the passage of
seismic waves, forms of energy that travels through the
different layers of Earth caused by vibration or movement.
02 Ground Rupture
Ground Rupture
This occurs when ground movement happens on a fault line
and breaks through the surface. This may happen in an
instant during an earthquake.
03 Liquefaction
Liquefaction
Occurs when seismic shaking causes loose materials in the
soil to mix with groundwater or soil saturated with water.
Eventually, the soil behaves like a quicksand that has lost
its strength to hold and support objects on top of it
Liquefaction
Occurs when seismic shaking causes loose materials in the
soil to mix with groundwater or soil saturated with water.
Eventually, the soil behaves like a quicksand that has lost
its strength to hold and support objects on top of it
Earthquake-induced
04 ground subsidence
Earthquake-induced
ground subsidence
Subsidence is the lowering of land due to various causes,
one of which is the earthquake on a fault line.
Earthquake-induced
ground subsidence
Subsidence is the lowering of land due to various causes,
one of which is the earthquake on a fault line.
Early Warning Signs
of Earthquake
Hazards
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
At present, there is no instrument that can
accurately tell the time and place of an
impending earthquake. What can be detected,
however, are the initial seismic waves that can
serve as the precursor of an earthquake.
Seismometer
A device for measuring and recording
seismic maves and the movements of the
earth.
Precautionary and Safety
Measures BEFORE,
DURING, and AFTER an
Earthquake
Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction
Unlike a typhoon or a volcanic eruption, an
earthquake is not predictable. It is therefore
very important to be always prepared.
BEFORE an Earthquake
• Prepare a survival kit
• Avoid placing breakable and fragile on high shelves or
cabinets
• Check regularly the stability of hanging objects such as
ceilings fans and chandeliers
• Fasten heavy furniture to the walls or floor
• Know the emergency number of police, rescue and the
fire department.
DURING an Earthquake
If you are indoors:
• Stay calm and execute DCH, or the DROP, COVER, and HOLD.
• DROP - Whatever you are doing or whatever position you are in,
immediately drop down to the floor.
• COVER - Find a sturdy piece of furniture, such as table or a chair,
and take COVER under it.
• HOLD - Hold on to the sturdy piece of furniture and prepare to
move with it until the earthquake stops or when all other objects
have stopped moving.
DROP, COVER and HOLD
DURING an Earthquake
• Stay away from glass windows and doors, and heavy furniture.
• Watch out for falling debris or objects.
• Never use an elevator to get out of the building. If you are inside
the elevator, press the button for the nearest floor and get off
immediately.
DURING an Earthquake
If you are outdoors:
• Stay clear of buildings, trees, light posts, power lines, and other
structures that could fall or collapse on you.
• If you are in a mountainous area, be alert for falling rocks and
other debris. If you are in a coastal area, move to higher ground
in case a tsunami follows after the earthquake.
DURING an Earthquake
If you are driving or inside a car:
• Slow down and turn on the hazard lights to alert other drivers.
Stay inside the car until the shaking stops.
• Avoid pulling up near or under bridges, overpasses, and power
lines that may fall or collapse.
DURING an Earthquake
If you are on a bus or a train:
• Hold tightly to the strap or handrail.
• Stay inside and listen to the instructions of the train staff. Wait
until. It is safe to go out of the vehicle.
AFTER an Earthquake
• Expect aftershocks so remain calm.
• Check yourself and others for injuries. Do not attempt to move
any person who is seriously injured to avoid further injury unless
he or she is in danger. Call for medical assistance.
• Stay away from downed or damaged power lines. Do not touch
wires lying on the ground or objects that may be touching them.
Downed wires may still be carrying current and touching them
can cause electrocution.
AFTER an Earthquake
• Check for damaged electrical wiring. Shut off the main electrical
switch if you suspect any damage. If power is off, check first the
switches and sockets. If they are damaged, have them
immediately repaired by a licensed electrician.
• Inspect gas tanks (by smell only) for leaks. Report to the
authorities immediately if you suspect a gas leak.
AFTER an Earthquake
• Tune in to local radio stations and listen for any news and danger
reports.
• Stay out of damaged buildings and areas with broken glass and
debris.
• Follow the emergency plan or the instructions of building
personnel if you are inside a building.
THANK YOU
Kagome – Lo Ki
