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    ME1101 Lecture3-Bending Stress

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    NADULA RUSIRU
    This document discusses bending stresses and simple bending theory, including: 1) When a member is subjected to equal and opposite couples acting in the same plane, it is in pure or simple bending. The bending moment M causes stresses in the beam section. 2) Assumptions of simple bending theory include the material being homogeneous and isotropic, transverse sections remaining plane after bending, and no shear stress. 3) The elastic flexure formula relates the bending stress σ to the bending moment M, moment of inertia I, and radius of curvature R.

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    ME1101 Lecture3-Bending Stress

    Uploaded by

    NADULA RUSIRU
    37 views47 pages
    This document discusses bending stresses and simple bending theory, including: 1) When a member is subjected to equal and opposite couples acting in the same plane, it is in pure or simple bending. The bending moment M causes stresses in the beam section. 2) Assumptions of simple bending theory include the material being homogeneous and isotropic, transverse sections remaining plane after bending, and no shear stress. 3) The elastic flexure formula relates the bending stress σ to the bending moment M, moment of inertia I, and radius of curvature R.

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    This document discusses bending stresses and simple bending theory, including: 1) When a member is subjected to equal and opposite couples acting in the same plane, it is in pure or simple bending. The bending moment M causes stresses in the beam section. 2) Assumptions of simple bending theory include the material being homogeneous and isotropic, transverse sections remaining plane after bending, and no shear stress. 3) The elastic flexure formula relates the bending stress σ to the bending moment M, moment of inertia I, and radius of curvature R.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    37 views47 pages

    ME1101 Lecture3-Bending Stress

    Uploaded by

    NADULA RUSIRU
    This document discusses bending stresses and simple bending theory, including: 1) When a member is subjected to equal and opposite couples acting in the same plane, it is in pure or simple bending. The bending moment M causes stresses in the beam section. 2) Assumptions of simple bending theory include the material being homogeneous and isotropic, transverse sections remaining plane after bending, and no shear stress. 3) The elastic flexure formula relates the bending stress σ to the bending moment M, moment of inertia I, and radius of curvature R.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 47

    ME1101 MECHANICS OF MATERIALS - I

    Simple Bending Theory

    Bending Stress in Prismatic Beams


    Elastic Flexure Formulae (Bending Formulae)
    Simple Bending
    A member subjected to equal and opposite
    couples acting in the same longitudinal plane is
    said to be in ‘pure bending’ (or simple bending).
    The moment of this couple is known as the
    bending moment M in the section. (i.e. the
    bending due to constant M is known as simple
    bending)
    Assumptions:

    •Material is assumed to be homogeneous, perfectly elastic and


    isotropic

    •Transverse sections of the beam remain plane after bending.


    (i.e. no distortions in transverse sections.)

    •The resultant force ( in x-direction) across a transverse section


    of the beam is zero.
    Assumptions..
    •The radius of curvature is large compared to the cross-
    section dimensions.

    •The beam is initially straight and all longitudinal filaments


    (fibers) bend into circular arcs with a common centre of
    curvature.

    •The transverse section of the beam is symmetrical about an


    axis passing through the centriod of the section and parallel
    to the plane of bending. (symmetrical bending)
    Plane of
    bending
    Bending Stress Variation
    Bending and contact stresses developed in
    meshing gear teeth.
    Bending and contact stresses developed in
    meshing gear teeth.
    Bending and contact stresses developed in a
    gear tooth.
    Bending and contact stresses developed in gear
    teeth.
    Bending stress distribution in a prismatic beam
    subjected to a hogging moment.
    Bending stress in stranded-conductors
    Bending moments applied about axes y and z
    Anticlastic curvature due to Poisson’s
    ratio
    Anticlastic curvature due to Poisson’s ratio
    Bending Formulae
    (Elastic Flexure Formulae)

    σ/y = M/I = E/R


    Where;
    σ = bending stress at a distance y from the neutral
    axis
    M = bending moment at this section
    I = second moment of area of the section
    about the neutral axis.
    R = radius of curvature of the neutral surface
    E = Young’s modulus of the beam material
    Problem 1
    A light alloy tube of 10 cm outside diameter and
    7.5 cm inside diameter rests horizontally on
    simple supports 4.0 m apart. A concentrated
    vertical load of 500 N is applied to the tube
    midway between the supports.

    Determine the maximum bending stress. Assume


    that bending due to the weight of the beam can
    be neglected and that the alloy is perfectly elastic
    Problem 2
    The light horizontal beam in Fig. Q2(a) rests on
    two simple supports 4m apart and carries a point
    load P = 1kN, 2m away from the left-hand end.
    Draw the bending moment and shear force
    diagrams for the beam. If the beam has a uniform
    hollow cross-section as shown in Fig. Q2(b),
    determine the maximum bending stress in the
    beam.
    50

    P = 1kN
    5
    50

    2m 2m 2m
    5
    All dimensions in mm
    Fig. Q2(a)
    Fig. Q2(b)
    Problem 3
    The section of a ‘T’-beam has a web and a flange of
    8mm thickness. The vertical web is 100mm high, and
    the horizontal flange is 80mm wide and fixed to the top
    of the web. The beam is 2m long and cantilevered to
    carry a concentrated load of 2kN situated at 1.8m from
    the built-in support. Determine the second moment of
    area of the beam section and find the maximum
    bending stress in the beam.
    Combination of Axial Load and
    Bending Moment

    Applications
    Carabiners (or Karabiners)
    Carabiners (or Karabiners)
    Open link Chains
    Crane Hooks
    Crane Hooks; sress set up
    C-clamps
    Combination of an axial load and a
    bending moment

    Problem 4
    A short hollow pillar of an outer diameter 380mm
    and an inner diameter 280mm carries an eccentric
    axial load of 75kN at 30mm from its centre.
    Determine the maximum and minimum stresses
    developed in the pillar. Find the maximum possible
    value of the eccentricity for the stress to remain
    compressive over the entire section of the pillar.
    Problem 5
    An unstayed mast (or a freestanding mast) of
    a sailing dinghy consists of a hollow circular
    section of outside diameter 80 mm and
    inside diameter 70 mm. The wind loading on
    the sail causes a bending moment of 2 kNm
    at the base of the mast. Calculate the
    maximum bending stress at the mast base.
    Problem 6
    A Sampson post of height 50m fitted on an oil tanker
    has an outside diameter of 350mm and an inside
    diameter of 300mm. It is subjected to a compressive
    force of 35kN that is inclined at 15o from the vertical
    and applied at the outer edge of the post at its very
    top. Determine the bending moment and the
    maximum stress developed in the post.
    Problem 7
    An open-link chain is manufactured by bending low-
    carbon steel rods of 12mm diameter into the shape
    shown in Fig. Q7. If the chain carries a load of 800N,
    determine the largest tensile and compressive
    stresses in the straight portion of a link. Calculate the
    distance between the centroidal and neutral axis of a
    cross section.
    800N

    12mm
    15mm

    800N

    Fig. Q7
    Problem 8
    The two forces shown in Fig. Q8 are applied to a rigid
    plate supported by a vertical steel pipe of 160mm
    outer diameter and 130mm inner diameter. If the
    allowable compressive stress of steel is 75MN/m2,
    determine the range of the allowable values of load
    P.
    90mm 90mm
    200kN P

    Fig. Q8
    Problem 9
    A steel tie bar of a rectangular cross-section (20 mm wide and 60
    mm deep) is subjected to an axial load of 60 kN as shown in Figure
    Q9. It is required to remove an axial portion of the tie bar from a
    narrow side of the section of the bar as shown. Determine the
    maximum depth of steel d that can be safely removed from one of
    the narrow sides such that the maximum stress over the remaining
    section of the bar is not exceeding 90 MN/m2.
    d
    30 mm

    60 kN 30 mm
    60 kN
    Tie bar
    20 mm

    Figure Q9

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