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Lesson00 Intro To Databases

This document provides an introduction to an introductory course on database management systems. The course will cover database concepts and architecture, data modeling using entity-relationship modeling, the relational data model and SQL for defining schemas and queries. It will also cover topics like functional dependencies and database normalization. The primary textbook will be An Introduction to Database Systems by C.J. Date with a reference textbook of Fundamentals of Database Systems by Ramez Elmasri and S.B. Navathe.

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8 views

Lesson00 Intro To Databases

This document provides an introduction to an introductory course on database management systems. The course will cover database concepts and architecture, data modeling using entity-relationship modeling, the relational data model and SQL for defining schemas and queries. It will also cover topics like functional dependencies and database normalization. The primary textbook will be An Introduction to Database Systems by C.J. Date with a reference textbook of Fundamentals of Database Systems by Ramez Elmasri and S.B. Navathe.

Uploaded by

funnyqoutes1234
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Intro to Databases

Instructor: Sadia Razaq


First Session: Introduction
Purpose of this course
 An introduction to database
management systems
 Help students understand the benefits
that can be attained by using
Relational DBMS
 Enable students to become comfortable
in designing database schemas in SQL,
plus writing CRUD functions

2
Course Summary
 This course covers these topics:
 Introduction to Databases & their users
 DBMS Concepts & Architecture
 Data Modeling using the ERM
 Relational Data Model & Algebra
 SQL (Schemas, Queries, Constraints)
 Functional Dependencies
 Normalization

3
Course Books
 Primary Text:
 An Introduction to Database Systems – 8e.
 By C. J. Date
 Reference Text:
 Fundamentals of Database Systems – 4e.
 By Ramez Elmasri and S. B. Navathe

4
History
 Manual System – 1950’s:
 Data was stored as paper record.
 Huge manpower involved.
 Time was wasted when searching a
particular record.
 Early 1960’s:
 Magnetic tapes for storage.
 Punched cards for input.

5
History
 Late 1960s and 1970s:
 Hard disks allowed direct access to data.
 Non – Relational Database.
 1980s – Present era:
 Relational Database.

6
What was the need for Databases?
 The concept of a file system is where
our story begins
 Everything was done one way
 “Master Files” held information
 “Transaction Files” told the file system
what to do
 “New Master File” was created in place of
the old one
 “Error Files” stored what went wrong
 These were used for a very long time
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The File System

Transaction Error
File Log

Master File New Master File

8
What was wrong with file system
approach?
 Too much programming knowledge
necessary
 Everyone who used them had to have a fairly
technical background
 In order to transact much of what was done you
had to know a lot about the system and files
 Took a good while to get information to where it
needed to go
 Hard to secure

9
Now with Databases
 Built-in Support for
 Security & Access Control
 Constraints & Triggers
 Transactions
 Performance Tuning

10
What is a Database?
 Basic Definition
 A Database is a collection of data files
 Complex Definition
 A Database is a structure that contains
information about many kinds of entities
and about the relationships between
those entities.

11
DBMS Environment

Data
Hardware Software Procedures People

Bridge

Machine Human

12
DBMS Roles
 Database Administrator
 Database Designer
 Application Developer
 End - Users

13
Entities
 Entity – a person, place, thing, or event
 Entities become our categories of
information
 Customers
 Products
 Orders
 We organize our information in these major
entities (categories)
 These categories become the tables, that
will store our data

14
Relationships
 Relationship – an association between
entities
 Relationships define how our data
files will talk to each other
 Customers “Place” Orders
 Orders “Are For” Products
 There are several key types of
relationships that we will talk about
later on

15
More about Entities
 What does everyone have in common?
 Entities have basic properties too
 Properties of entities are called Attributes
 Attributes describe our categories
 A “Customer” has some basic properties
 Name
 Phone Number
 Address

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