Three principles of

Newspaper Design
 Create an attractive visual pattern
 Signpost the various items
 Give a recognizable visual character

Design is an attempt to achieve the newspaper’s

potential as the visual medium
 Page Design
Text Headlines Picture Ads

Contents of ads
already decided
Emphasis on design before the
editorial material
is placed
 Text
Understanding
Typography
 History of Type Design
1700s—1800s
 Johann Gutenberg–Old English
 Englishman William Caslon—Caslon
Old English
 Englishman John Baskerville—
Caslon Bodoni
Baskerville
 Italian printer Giambatista Bodoni--
Bodoni Baskerville
 History of Type Design
1900s
 Englishman William Morris—Chaucer
 Frederic Goudy—Goudy Chaucer
Goudy
 Paul Renner—Futura Futura

Stanley Morrison—Times New Roman

 Hermann Zapf—Optima & Palatino
Times New Roman
Century—Cheltenham –Cloister Old Style –Garamond
Palatino
 Language of Type
Bowl

Type Terminology
stem serif loop
ear
r
ba

H, E stress
Text
Type Groupings
 Serif Cloister
Garamond  Text Letter
Old Style Monotype
Century
Black

 Cursive
Modern
Goudy

Cursiva
Baskerville
Handtooled  Ornamental or
Transitional
•Square Serif Square Novelty

•Sans Serif
Arial
Slab
Type Families based on
Width and Weight
Arial Narrow: abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
Arial : abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
Arial Black: abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz
Text
Difference between
Font and Typeface
 TypeFace is means  Font means all
the appearance of characters i.e.
the type as it prints letters, figures,
punctuation marks
Abc of any one
EFG typeface is any
A, b, one size
c! . ?
Text
Type Sizes
X-height of each character
Headlines – 14 pt + upwards
ze Body Type – 8 / 10 / 12 pt
g a b Fo n t Si

6 picas = 1 inch
Ascender 1 picas = 12 points
1 inch = 72 points
Descender Baseline
 Paragraphs & Indentations

 Alignment
 Left, Center, Right, Justified, Force Justified
 Paragraph Space
 Space After & Space Before
 Indents
 First Line, Left, Right
 Leading
 Comparison for Leading
 Type with larger x-  Needs more leading
height
 Type with smaller x-  Needs less leading
height
 Sans-serif and serif  Need more leading
type like Bodoni
 Editorials and
 Need less leading
Headlines
Type with larger x-height needs more leading

Ideal example

Not so Ideal example

Text
Working with Leading
Type Size Leading
Newspapers—
Body Type 9 – 9.5 – 10 pt
0.5—1 pt leading
Tighter Leading
Headlines 14- + pt e.g. 30-pt. headline at
minus 2-pt. leading
 Track & Kerning
 TRACK—Space between multiple
characters in a paragraph
 KERNING—Space between two or more
characters in a word or one line
 Quick Rules for Kerning
LOOSER TRACK/KERNING
 All Caps text
 Reverse type
 Quick Rules for Kerning
 TIGHTER TRACK/KERNING
 Larger type
 Condensed type
 HORIZONTAL SCALING
 expanded and condensed type
Horizontal Scaling - Expanded

Horizontal Scaling - Condensed

Widows, Orphans & Rivers
 Widow: last line of a para at the top of the
column or page

 Orphan: first line of para at the bottom of a

column or page

 Rivers: too much space between words in

justified text
Title of the Page
Captures the essence
of the story
Headlines
Parts of Headlines

Main Headline
Auxiliary Headline—Decks
One or more lines that are subordinate to main headline

The Headline Story

When headlines are titles or labels they
need elaboration. One way to do this is
through a readout or a dropout
Headlines
Types of Headlines
KICKER: 3-4 words set half the size of the main headline and
appears flush left above the main headline

Kicker head
This line is usually indented

HAMMER: 1-2 word headline in larger type

Hammer Head
KICKER
HAMMER
Headlines
Types of Headlines contd
Readin: Similar to the Kicker but needs the main
headline to complete the sentence.
This format can be used
to sell a story . It is
called a

Readin
Banner: a large headline that extends across the top of
the front page
READIN
READIN
BANNER:
a large
headline that
extends
across the
top of the
front page
Headlines
Types of Headlines contd
Sidesaddle: also called side head, the type is placed at
the left of the copy

This is a DENVER (UPI)– It would be easier

for prosecutors to use illegally seized
evidence in certain cases if Attorney
sidesaddle General William French Smith had his
way.

headline Smith Saturday told UPI’s 23rd annual

EDICON conference of editors and
publishers that law enforcement has
been handicapped by a legal doctrine
known as the exclusionary rule, which
bars the use of illegally obtained
evidence in criminal cases.
SIDESADDLE
 Other Scanners
BLURB: a quote or short piece of alluring information
pulled from the body of the story and set in larger
type

SUMMARY BOXES: provide a point-wise gist of the

story
Council approves $20 million sewage project
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx In other action, the council:
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx •Voted to widen Broadway;
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx •Cut the West and Tenth street buses;
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx •Put the north side fire station on hold
BLURBS
SCANNERS
 Headlines

Case
Type Styles
CAPITAL Lowercase
Italics Bold
LETTERS
REVERSE Track &
Kerning

Too many variants Scaling

or too many type
give confusing
effects on a page
Condensed Expanded
Headlines
Proper size for Headline

Type Design Column Width

Headlines
Column Widths of 2—2.5”
Type Column Widths of 2—2.5”
Size 1 2 3 4 5 6

18—24 x
30 x x
36 x x x
42 x x x x
48—72 x x x x x
Broadsheets—7 - 9 columns wide
Tabloid—5 - 6 columns wide Magazine: 2—3 col wide
 Different Type for
Different Use

Body Type Display Type Secondary Accent

•Words in Display Type
•Headlines
stories Type •Info boxes
•Second font •Refer boxes
for headlines
•Index
•Bylines
Body type

Display type

Secondary
display type

Accent type
 Pictures

Using
Photographs
& Artwork
Pictures
Selecting Photographs
 Record / snapshot of event
 Mood of photograph
 Appealing Photographic qualities
 Photograph tie into and reinforce text
 Positioning of photograph
Record/snapshot an event/story
Mood of photograph
Mood of photograph
also
Appealing Photographic
qualities
Positioning of photograph
Positioning of photograph
Photograph tie
into and
reinforce text
 Two picture package
 Contrast
 Close-up and context
 Sequence
 Use of insets
 Overprinting headlines - Mortising
Contrast
Contrast
Close-up and context
Sequence
Overprinting
headlines -
Mortising
Pictures
Caption or Cutlines

Text One-liners
9-10-11 pt 13- or 14- pt
Used when If picture stands
photograph needs alone, catch line or
longer explanation headings placed over it
Captions-- Centered or Left aligned

Credit Lines– end of caption or lower right-hand

corner in smaller type
One-liners

Captions
One-liners

Captions
Ads
Advertising Arrangements

U-shaped layout Pyramid layout Modular layout

Pyramid
ad placement
 a Pyramid Stack
Ads stacked one The modified pyramid
above the other stack creates only one
create a number of ledge by the way you
ad ledges jutting pair advertising.
into the editorial
space.

Pure Modified
pyramid pyramid
stack stack
Modular
ad placement
a Modular Stack
A modular
advertising
stack is more
harmonious
with the
editorial copy.
The modular
stack also
allows the
designer more
options with
the editorial
space
 Compromising with pyramid stacks
Lines represent headlines or the edges of photographs creating
modular units of copy with the space

When you have advertising ledges,

you run headlines or align photographs
to them to create modular units in the
editorial space.
 Other Page Elements
 Nameplate or flag
 Section identifiers or logos
 Bylines
 Column logos
 Story Logos