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02 Algorithm

The document discusses algorithms and pseudocode, explaining that pseudocode is similar to English and is used to develop algorithms through successive refinement, and that algorithms are a series of steps to solve a problem, with examples provided of algorithms to calculate sums and averages and determine student grades or driver's license eligibility.

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danyalmuhammad677
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© © All Rights Reserved
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6 views

02 Algorithm

The document discusses algorithms and pseudocode, explaining that pseudocode is similar to English and is used to develop algorithms through successive refinement, and that algorithms are a series of steps to solve a problem, with examples provided of algorithms to calculate sums and averages and determine student grades or driver's license eligibility.

Uploaded by

danyalmuhammad677
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ALGORITHMS

Pseudocode

• Pseudocode is very similar to everyday English.

• First produce a general algorithm (one can use pseudocode)

• Refine the algorithm successively to get step by step detailed algorithm that is very
close to a computer language.

• Pseudocode is an informal language that helps programmers develop algorithms.


Pseudocode: Example No 1

Question: Write an algorithm to find the sum of three given


numbers?

Pseudocode:
• Input a set of 3 numbers

• Calculate their Sum

• Print Sum
ALGORITHMS

• In simple terms, an algorithm is a series of instructions to solve a problem


(complete a task)

• A typical programming task can be divided into two phases:


– Problem solving phase
• produce an ordered sequence of steps that describe solution of problem
• this sequence of steps is called an algorithm

– Implementation phase
• implement the program in some programming language
Role of Algorithms
Hardware
Software

Programming

Program
Algorithm

• Algorithm: A set of steps that defines how a task is performed


• Program: A representation of an algorithm
• Programming: The process of developing a program
• Software: Programs and algorithms
• Hardware: Equipment used to input information (data) and output the results of the programs,
algorithms.
5
Algorithm (Example No 1)

Question: Write an algorithm to find the sum of three given


numbers?

Algorithm:
Step 1: Input N1,N2,N3
Step 2: Sum=N1+N2+N3
Step 3: Print Sum
Algorithm (Example No 2)

Question: Write an algorithm to find the sum and product of the


two given numbers?

Algorithm:

Step 1: Input Num1,Num2


Step 2: Sum=Num1+Num2
Step 3: Product=Num1*Num2
Step 4: Print Sum
Step 5: Print Product
Algorithm (Example No 3)

Question: Find the sum and average of three given numbers?

Algorithm:
Step 1: Input Num1,Num2,Num3
Step 2: Sum=Num1+Num2+Num3
Step 3: Average=(Num1+Num2+Num3)/3
Step 4: Print Sum
Step 5: Print Average
Pseudocode

Question: Write an algorithm to determine a student’s final grade


and indicate whether it is passing or failing. The final grade is
calculated as the average of four marks.

Pseudocode:

• Input a set of 4 marks

• Calculate their average by summing and dividing by 4

• if average is below 50
Print “FAIL”
else
Print “PASS”
Algorithm

Question: Write an algorithm to determine a student’s final grade and


indicate whether it is passing or failing. The final grade is calculated as the
average of four marks.

Algorithm:

Step 1: Input M1,M2,M3,M4


Step 2: GRADE =(M1+M2+M3+M4)/4
Step 3: if (GRADE < 50) then
Print “FAIL”
else
Print “PASS”
endif
Algorithm

Question: Eligibility for making license

Algorithm:
Step 1: Input Current year , Birth year
Step 2: res = Current year – Birth Year
Step 3: If (res > 18)
Print “eligible “
else
Print “Not eligible “

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