Scribd
Upload
19 views15 pages

TCP Ip

The TCP/IP protocol suite has 5 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, and application layers. While similar to the OSI model, TCP/IP does not have an exact match. The network layer uses IP for host-to-host communication and supports protocols like ARP, RARP, ICMP, and IGMP. The transport layer uses UDP and TCP for process-to-process communication. TCP/IP uses four levels of addressing - physical MAC addresses, logical IP addresses, port addresses from 0-65535, and specific addresses to identify processes.

Uploaded by

Vedanth Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
19 views15 pages

TCP Ip

The TCP/IP protocol suite has 5 layers - physical, data link, network, transport, and application layers. While similar to the OSI model, TCP/IP does not have an exact match. The network layer uses IP for host-to-host communication and supports protocols like ARP, RARP, ICMP, and IGMP. The transport layer uses UDP and TCP for process-to-process communication. TCP/IP uses four levels of addressing - physical MAC addresses, logical IP addresses, port addresses from 0-65535, and specific addresses to identify processes.

Uploaded by

Vedanth Reddy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Network Models

TCP/IP Model
1-5.2 TCP/IP PROTOCOL SUITE

The layers in the TCP/IP protocol suite do not


exactly match those in the OSI model. The original
TCP/IP protocol suite was defined as having four
layers: host-to-network, internet, transport, and
application. However, when TCP/IP is compared to
OSI, we can say that the TCP/IP protocol suite is
made of five layers: physical, data link, network,
transport, and application.
Topics discussed in this section:
Physical and Data Link Layers
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Application Layer
OSI Model
TCP/IP and OSI model

TCP/IP Model
Internet Layer

TCP/IP support the Internet Protocol IP ( unreliable).


IP is a host-to-host protocol.
Supporting protocols:
• Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)
• Reverse Address Resolution Protocol (RARP)
• Internet Control Massage Protocol (ICMP)
• Internet Group Massage Protocol (IGMP)
Transport Layer

Process-to-process protocol.
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP)
• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)
• Stream Control Transmission Protocol (SCTP)
1-6 ADDRESSING

Four levels of addresses are used in an


internet employing the TCP/IP protocols:
physical, logical, port, and specific.

Topics discussed in this section:


Physical Addresses
Logical Addresses
Port Addresses
Specific Addresses
Addresses in TCP/IP
Relationship of layers and addresses in TCP/IP
Physical Address

Physical addresses are imprinted on the NIC.


Most local-area networks (Ethernet) use a 48-bit
(6-byte) physical address written as 12
hexadecimal digits; every byte (2 hexadecimal
digits) is separated by a colon.
Example:
07:01:02:01:2C:4B
A 6-byte (12 hexadecimal digits) physical
address.
Physical Address

• known also as the MAC address


• Is the address of a node as defined by its LAN or
WAN
• It is included in the frame used by data link layer

The physical addresses in the datagram may change from hop


to hop.
Logical Address

 IP addresses are necessary for universal


communications that are independent of physical
network.
 No two host address on the internet can have the same
IP address
 IP addresses in the Internet are 32-bit address that
uniquely define a host.

The physical addresses will change from hop to hop,


but the logical addresses usually remain the same.
Port addresses

Port address is a 16-bit address represented by one decimal


number ranged from (0-65535) to choose a process among
multiple processes on the destination host.
Destination port number is needed for delivery.
Source port number is needed for receiving a reply as an
acknowledgments.
In TCP/IP , a 16-bit port address represented
as one single number. Example: 753

The physical addresses change from hop to hop,


but the logical and port addresses usually remain the same.
Port addresses

You might also like