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2 Fundamentals of Java Language

The document discusses the fundamentals of the Java language, including the basic structure of a Java class with a main method, access specifiers like public and static, and the void return type. It also covers Java language concepts such as identifiers, keywords, comments, primitive and derived data types, variables, and wrapper classes.

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axceljohbernal
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15 views

2 Fundamentals of Java Language

The document discusses the fundamentals of the Java language, including the basic structure of a Java class with a main method, access specifiers like public and static, and the void return type. It also covers Java language concepts such as identifiers, keywords, comments, primitive and derived data types, variables, and wrapper classes.

Uploaded by

axceljohbernal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Module 2: Fundamentals of Java

Language

Object Oriented Programming(Java)


BASIC STRUCTURE OF A JAVA CLASS

class HelloWorld{
public static void main(String args[ ]){
System.out.println(“Hello World”);
}
}

class HelloWorld – defines a class, a template


for an object of derived type HelloWorld

 public – access specifier/modifier, the main


method is declared public so that it is accessible
as part of the public interface of the program
BASIC STRUCTURE OF A JAVA CLASS

 static – state of the method, it is static


because it must be called before the class that
hosts the method is instantiated

 void – It returns void because the Java


interpreter does not expect to receive or
process any output from the class
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

System.out.println – The println method is


one of dozens of methods in the System class.
The System class is a part of the core Java
language package of the Application
Programming Interface (API)
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

 Identifiers
 Keywords
 Comments
 Data types
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Identifiers are names that are given by the


programmer as name of variables, methods or
functions, classes etc. The name used as an
identifier must follow the following rules in
Java™ technology:

Each character is either a digit, letter,


underscore or currency symbol.
First character cannot be a digit.
The identifier name must not be a reserved
word.
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Java keywords are reserved and cannot be used as identifiers.

abstract do import return void


boolean double instance of short volatile
break else int static while
byte extends interface super
case final long switch
catch finally native synchronized
char float new this
class for package throws
const goto private transient
continue if protected try
default public implements
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Java Comments are of three (3) types:

1. A single-line comment starting with //

2. A multi-line comment enclosed within /* */

3. A documentation or javadoc comment is


enclosed between /** and */. These comments can
be used to generate HTML documents using the
javadoc utility, which is part of Java language
comment
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Java Data Types

Primitive Data Types


Type Width (in bytes) Min Value Max Value
byte 1 -128 127
short 2 -32768 32767
int 4 -2147483648 21474833647
long 8 Long.MIN_VALUE Long.MAX_VALUE
float 4 Float.MIN_VALUE Float.MAX_VALUE
double 8 Double.MIN_VALUE Double.MAX_VALUE
boolean (1 bit) true false
char 2 (unsigned) ‘\u0000’ ‘\uFFFF’
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Java Data Types

Derived Data Types


String
Date
Integer
Double
Long
Float
…
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Variables

 Variable Declaration
Syntax: <datatype> <varName>; [=
value;]
Example: String name;
int age;
double price = 55.66;
 Assigning a value
Syntax: <varName> = value;
Example: name = “Maria Blanco”;
age = 22;
price = 200.50;
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Wrapper Classes

Java Wrapper Classes are used in


converting
one data type (such as a String) into
another
data type (such as int or double). It is also
used in wrapping a primitive value into an
object.
JAVA LANGUAGE FUNDAMENTALS

Wrapper Class Primitive Type


Integer int
Float float
Double double
Long long
Byte byte
Short short
Character char
Boolean boolean

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