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    Unit - 8.2, 8.3

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    Tania Ferdous Ripa
    This document discusses soil composition and drainage as well as igneous rock formation. It defines soil as being made up of pieces of rock, minerals, organic matter, and bacteria. Proper drainage of soil is important for crop survival. Drainage depends on soil grain size, with larger grains draining faster. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava. How quickly magma cools determines the crystal size and type of igneous rock formed, whether intrusive like granite or extrusive like basalt. The objective is to understand soil composition and drainage and igneous rock formation processes.

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    Unit - 8.2, 8.3

    Uploaded by

    Tania Ferdous Ripa
    24 views12 pages
    This document discusses soil composition and drainage as well as igneous rock formation. It defines soil as being made up of pieces of rock, minerals, organic matter, and bacteria. Proper drainage of soil is important for crop survival. Drainage depends on soil grain size, with larger grains draining faster. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava. How quickly magma cools determines the crystal size and type of igneous rock formed, whether intrusive like granite or extrusive like basalt. The objective is to understand soil composition and drainage and igneous rock formation processes.

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    Unit - 8.2, 8.3 (2)

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    This document discusses soil composition and drainage as well as igneous rock formation. It defines soil as being made up of pieces of rock, minerals, organic matter, and bacteria. Proper drainage of soil is important for crop survival. Drainage depends on soil grain size, with larger grains draining faster. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava. How quickly magma cools determines the crystal size and type of igneous rock formed, whether intrusive like granite or extrusive like basalt. The objective is to understand soil composition and drainage and igneous rock formation processes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    24 views12 pages

    Unit - 8.2, 8.3

    Uploaded by

    Tania Ferdous Ripa
    This document discusses soil composition and drainage as well as igneous rock formation. It defines soil as being made up of pieces of rock, minerals, organic matter, and bacteria. Proper drainage of soil is important for crop survival. Drainage depends on soil grain size, with larger grains draining faster. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma or lava. How quickly magma cools determines the crystal size and type of igneous rock formed, whether intrusive like granite or extrusive like basalt. The objective is to understand soil composition and drainage and igneous rock formation processes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    TOPIC AND OBJECTIVE

    Topic :
    Soil (Unit - 8.2)
    Igneous rocks (Unit - 8.3)
    Objective :
    1.Understand basic composition of soil and its drainage,
    importance of drainage.
    2.Understand the basic idea of how igneous rocks are formed, their
    structure.
    KEY TERMS
    • Humus : it is the remains of dead plants and animals
    • Drainage : it is the ability of the soil to drain/pass through water.
    • Magma : Deep inside the earth it is very hot which melts the rock. The
    molten (hot and liquid) rock is called ‘magma’.
    • Lava : When magma reaches the surface of the earth it is called ‘lava’. The
    lava erupts from volcanoes through the vents.
    • Igneous rock : Rocks formed by cooling the magma is known as the igneous
    rock.
    UNIT – 8.2
    SOIL
    SOIL AND ITS
    COMPOSITION
    Soil is made up of –
    a) pieces of rocks
    b) minerals
    c) bacteria, fungi, small
    animals
    d) Humus/organic matter
    (it is the remains of dead
    plants and animals)
    DRAINAGE OF
    SOIL AND ITS
    IMPORTANCE
     Drainage is the ability of the soil to
    drain/pass through water.

     Different types of soil have different


    drainage capacity.

     Soil with larger grains can drain water faster


    and soil with finer grains has poor drainage,
    as it holds water longer.

     Importance : Drainage of water is important


    for the survival of crops. Farmers sometimes
    treat the soil to improve the drainage of soil.
    This helps them to grow the crops.
    UNIT – 8.3
    IGNEOUS ROCK
    MAGMA AND
    LAVA
    Magma : Deep inside the
    earth it is very hot which
    melts the rock. The molten
    (hot and liquid) rock is
    called ‘magma’.
    Lava : When magma
    reaches the surface of the
    earth it is called ‘lava’. The
    lava erupts from volcanoes
    through the vents.
    IGNEOUS ROCK
    Rocks formed by cooling the
    magma is known as the igneous
    rock.
    Magma is the mixture of different
    minerals. Different composition of
    minerals forms different types of
    igneous rocks.
    The way the magma cools also
    affects the kind of igneous rock it
    forms.
    TYPES OF
    IGNEOUS ROCKS
    Intrusive igneous rock :
    i. it forms deep underground by
    cooling magma
    ii. The magma cools slowly as it is
    surrounded by hot rocks.
    iii. It consists of large crystals.
    iv. Example : Granite.
    TYPES OF
    IGNEOUS ROCKS
     Extrusive igneous rock :
    i. it forms nearer to the surface
    through cracks in the rocks by
    cooling magma
    ii. The magma cools fast as it
    happens near the surface or on
    surface of the earth.
    iii. It consists of small crystals.
    iv. Example : Basalt, obsidian.
    HOME WORK
    COMPLETE AND SUBMIT EXERCISES FROM
    WORK BOOK 7 PAGE 65.
    THANK YOU

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