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Types and Sources of Datamethod

This document discusses types and sources of data and methods for collecting primary data. It outlines two types of data: primary data, which is collected first-hand by researchers; and secondary data, which has already been collected by others. Five methods for collecting primary data are described: direct personal interviews; indirect oral interviews; information from correspondence; mailed questionnaires; and schedules sent through enumerators. For each method, merits and demerits are provided. The document concludes by outlining steps to collect primary data such as planning the study, preparing questionnaires, and selecting samples.

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28 views

Types and Sources of Datamethod

This document discusses types and sources of data and methods for collecting primary data. It outlines two types of data: primary data, which is collected first-hand by researchers; and secondary data, which has already been collected by others. Five methods for collecting primary data are described: direct personal interviews; indirect oral interviews; information from correspondence; mailed questionnaires; and schedules sent through enumerators. For each method, merits and demerits are provided. The document concludes by outlining steps to collect primary data such as planning the study, preparing questionnaires, and selecting samples.

Uploaded by

ashirbhusal140
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TYPES AND SOURCES OF

DATA,METHOD
TYPES AND SOURCES OF DATA/METHOD
The task of data collection begins after a research problem has been
defined and research design out while deciding about the method
of data collection to be used for the study. The researcher should
keep in mind two types of data,
 Primary data
 Secondary data
Primary data:-
“Data collected for the first time by the researcher in its original
form i.e. first hand account of an event that has not been
interpreted by anyone else other then its creator is known as
primary data.”
Methods of collecting primary data
The various methods of collecting primary data are
a) Direct personal interviews
b) Indirect oral interviews
c) Information from correspondence
d) Mailed questionnaires
e) Schedules sent through enumerators
a)Direct personal interviews
In this method , the investigators or researchers meet the
respondents personally and asked the necessary questions and
extract the required data from them. Since the researcher collects
the information ,the information is accurate , fresh, and reliable.
This method is suitable in the following situations.
 When the area of inquiry is limited
 When the data is to be kept secret
 When pure and original data is needed
 When the personal interviews by the investigator is essential
Merits :-
 Information obtained by using this method is generally accurate.
 This is a flexible method in the sense that an investigator can
make changes in questions if he or she feels to change.
Demerits :-
 It is not useful for the wider area of inquiry.
 It is expensive method.
b)Indirect personal interview method
This method is applied in the situation when the informants
hesitate to provide information directly. Information regarding the
property , income, personal habits such as smoking habits, drug
addicts, using family planning measures etc.
Merits :-
 It saves time, money , labour.
 It can cover a wide area easily.
Demerits :-
 It is likely to get inaccurate and unreliable information.
 There will be lack of interest for the witness to provide
information about the respondents.
c)Information from correspondence
In this method the investigator appoints the correspondents in
difference places to collect information. The correspondents
collect information and send to the central office (or to the
investigator) and finally central office( or investigator) utilized the
data . This method is more suitable in the field of news media.
Merits :-
 This method is economics.
 The information from wide area can be easily obtained
Demerits :-
 Information through this method may not be uniform.
 It is time consuming method if there is no facility of
communication such as telephone, cell phone, internet
etc.
d)Mail questionnaire method
A set of questions is prepared is known as questionnaire.
The questionnaire is sent to the address of respondents by
post. The respondents are requests to answer these
question and return to the investigator. This method of
collecting data is suitable for educated informations.
Merits :-
 This method is suitable for wide sphere area of investigation.
 It is very economics method.
Demerits :-
 Informants may be feel fear to provide information.
 Informants may feel the complexity of questions.
 It is likely to supply wrong information from some of
informants.
e)Schedule sent through enumerators
Schedule is a list of questions on which the enumerators have to
collect and record information. The enumerators fill it in. in this
method the investigators collect data through trained
enumerators. This method has been applying in population
census for each ten years in Nepal.
Merits :-
 It is suitable method in wide area of inquiry.
 It is accurate method of data collection.
 Non response error will be minimized in this method.
Demerits :-
 This is a time consuming method.
 It is expensive method.
 There is very few chances of being enumerators biased.
Steps followed in collecting primary data
The collecting primary data the following steps may be designed
as below,
 Planning the study
 Preparation of schedules or questionnaire
 Selection of the sample
 Editing the schedules THANK YOU

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