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Number System Operation

The document discusses different number systems including binary, hexadecimal, and octal. It explains: 1) Binary uses only two digits (0 and 1) and has rules for addition and subtraction such as 1+1=10. 2) Hexadecimal uses 16 digits (0-9 and A-F) and converts letters to decimals before adding or subtracting based on borrowing and carrying. 3) Octal uses 8 digits (0-7) and follows the same rules as hexadecimal for addition and subtraction.

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Jen Mark Pacada Pelaez
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25 views19 pages

Number System Operation

The document discusses different number systems including binary, hexadecimal, and octal. It explains: 1) Binary uses only two digits (0 and 1) and has rules for addition and subtraction such as 1+1=10. 2) Hexadecimal uses 16 digits (0-9 and A-F) and converts letters to decimals before adding or subtracting based on borrowing and carrying. 3) Octal uses 8 digits (0-7) and follows the same rules as hexadecimal for addition and subtraction.

Uploaded by

Jen Mark Pacada Pelaez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NUMBER SYSTEM

OPERATION
OPERATION
• The mathematical “operation” refers to calculating a value using operands
and a math operator. The symbol of the math operator has predefined rules to
be applied to the given operands or numbers.
• A mathematical expression is a set of numbers and operations. The elements
of a math expression performing a math operation are Operands and
Operators.
• Operands – The numbers used for an operation are called operands. Based on
the type of operation, different terms are assigned to the operands.

• Operator – The symbol indicating a math operation is an operator, for


example:
• + for addition
• − for subtraction
• × for multiplication
• ÷ for division
• = for equal to
BINARY
• Number base 2
• Combinations of 0s and 1s
• Binary addition works similarly to the decimal number system, except that it
is a base 2 system.
RULES OF BINARY ADDITION
• Binary addition is much easier than the decimal addition when you remember
the following tricks or rules. Using these rules, any binary number can be
easily added. The four rules of binary addition are:
•0+0=0
•0+1=1
•1+0=1
• 1 + 1 =10
HOW TO DO BINARY ADDITION?
Now, look at the example of the binary addition:101 + 101
Procedure for Binary Addition of Numbers:
Step 1: First consider the 1’s column, and add the one’s column, ( 1+1 ) and it gives
the result 10 as per the condition of binary addition.
Step 2: Now, leave the 0 in the one’s column and carry the value 1 to the 10’s
column.
Step 3: Now add 10’s place, 1+( 0 + 0 ) = 1. So, nothing carries to the 100’s place
and leaves the value 1 in the 10’s place
Step 4: Now add the 100’s place ( 1 + 1 ) = 10. Leave the value 0 in the 100’s place
and carries 1 to the 1000’s place.
BINARY ADDITION TABLE

x y x+y

0 0 0

0 1 1

1 0 1

1 1 0 (where 1 is carried over)


BINARY SUBTRACTION TABLE
Binary Number Subtraction Value

0–0 0

1–0 1

0–1 1 (Borrow 1 from the next high order


digit)

1–1 0
RULES OF BINARY SUBTRACTION
• Rules and tricks: Binary subtraction is much easier than the decimal
subtraction when you remember the following rules:
•0–0=0
• 0 – 1 = 1 ( with a borrow of 1)
•1–0=1
•1–1=0
HOW TO DO BINARY
SUBTRACTION?
• Step 1: First consider the 1’s column, and subtract the one’s column, ( 0 – 1 ) and
it gives the result 1 as per the condition of binary subtraction with a borrow of 1
from the 10’s place.
• Step 2: After borrowing 1 from the 10’s column, the value 1 in the 10’s column is
changed into the value 0
Step 3: So, subtract the value in the 10’s place, ( 0 – 0 ) = 0.
Step 4: Now subtract the values in 100’s place. Borrow 1 from the 1000’s place ( 0 –
1 ) = 1.
HEXADECIMAL
• Number base 16
• Combinations of 0-9 and A-F
• Each position in the hexadecimal number represents 0 power of the base 16.
The last position in the number represents an x power of base 16.
RULES OF HEXADECIMAL
ADDITION
• Write two hexadecimal numbers one after another in two different lines
• Begin adding from the rightmost digits.
• If the digit is in the form of an alphabet, then convert it to the respective
decimal number to make the process easy
• Add those digits and convert the sum to the hexadecimal
• If you got the carry, then represent it on the top of the first number next digit
and result on the bottom of the second number added digit.
• Continue the process until you left nothing on the left side.
RULES OF HEXADECIMAL
SUBTRACTION
• Write two hexadecimal numbers on different lines
• Subtraction starts from the rightmost digits of the
numbers.
• Convert the alphabet into decimals and subtract two digits
and again convert the difference value as hexadecimal.
• In case the first number digit is smaller than the second
number digit, then borrow from the left side digit.
RULES OF HEXADECIMAL
SUBTRACTION
• The borrowed value is always 16 as its base is 16. Then
add borrowed value and first number digit and subtract.
• Don’t forget to mention the borrowed value on the top of
the first number digit.
• After borrowing, the left side digit decreased by 1.
• Repeat the process till you have nothing remaining on the
left side.
OCTAL
• Number base 8
• Combinations of 0-7
• Each position in the octal number represents 0 power of the base 8. The last
position in the number represents an x power of base 8.
+ 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 10
2 2 3 4 5 6 7 10 11
3 3 4 5 6 7 10 11 12
4 4 5 6 7 10 11 12 13
5 5 6 7 10 11 12 13 14
6 6 7 10 11 12 13 14 15
7 7 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
RULES IN OCTAL ADDITION AND
SUBTRACTION
• Hexadecimal principles are the same as octal.
Example:
1.
712
- 254

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