Scribd
Upload
22 views13 pages

Q3Math10 Lesson 1

The document illustrates the fundamental counting principle and permutation by providing examples of how to count possible outcomes of events. It also shows how to use tree diagrams to count arrangements and combinations.

Uploaded by

Joshua Isaac Velasco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
22 views13 pages

Q3Math10 Lesson 1

The document illustrates the fundamental counting principle and permutation by providing examples of how to count possible outcomes of events. It also shows how to use tree diagrams to count arrangements and combinations.

Uploaded by

Joshua Isaac Velasco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

PERMUTATION

ILLUSTRATES and USES


FUNDAMENTAL COUNTING PRINCIPLE (FCP)
Permutation is an arrangement of objects in
which order is important.
Each arrangement can be made using all or some
elements of the set of objects without repetition.
THE FUNDAMENTAL COUNTING PRINCIPLES (FCP)
1. Addition Principle of Counting
If event A can occur in m ways and event B can occur in n ways, then
A or B can occur in m + n ways.
Illustrative Examples
a. Friends Baker has 10 hopia, 14 cheesecakes and 8 Spanish bread left
at the end of the day. Alex rushes in as they are about to close. How
many types of bread can she choose from?
Solution: Since the breads are all different, add the quantities of these
breads to find the number types of bread she can choose.
10 + 14 + 8 = 32 ⇒ Alex has a choice of 32 breads.
b. The Supreme Student Government requires one student
representative from either grade 7 or grade 8 or grade 9. If
there are 28 grade 7, 35 grade 8 and 39 grade 9 qualified
students, how many different choices for representatives are
there?
Solution:
28 + 35 + 39 = 102

Therefore, there are 102 choices for representatives.


2. Multiplication Principle of Counting or Fundamental
Counting Principle
Suppose that two events happen in order. If the first event can happen
in 𝒎 ways and the second in 𝒏 ways (after the first has happened).
Then the two events can occur in 𝒎 𝓍 𝒏 ways.

Illustrative Examples:
a. Big Brother Ice Cream Parlor offers 12 flavors of ice cream which
can be served on a waffle, sugar or plain cone. How many different
single scoop ice-cream cones is it possible to buy at the parlor?
Solution:
There are two choices: type of cone and flavor of ice cream. At the
first stage, we choose a type of cone and at the second stage we choose
a flavor. If there are 3 types of cones and 12 flavors of ice cream, then:

Stage 1 Stage 2
3 x 12 = 36 ways of choosing a single scoop
types of cone flavors ice-cream cone at the parlor
b. In how many ways can we select two books from different subjects
from among 7 distinct Math books, 5 distinct Science books and
4 distinct English books?
Solution:
This problem requires combination of addition and multiplication
principles of counting.
Using Multiplication Principle, we can select two books in the
following ways:
1 Math and 1 Science ⇒ 7 x 5 = 35 ways
1 Science and 1 English ⇒ 5 x 4 = 20 ways
1 Math and 1 English ⇒ 7 x 4 = 28 ways
Since the three sets of selections are disjoint, we may use addition principle,
35 + 20 + 28 = 83 ways of selecting two books from among the Science,
Math and English books
ILLUSTRATES THE TREE
DIAGRAM
1. How many arrangements can be made using the letters
a, b, c, and d taken 3 at a time?
Solution:
Using the tree diagram to determine the number of possible
arrangement.
c - abc c - bac
b d - abd a d - bad
b - acb a - bca
a c d - acd b c d - bcd
a - bda
d b - adb d c - bdc
c - adc
b - cab b - dab
a d - cad a c - dac
a - cba a - dba
c b d - cbd d b c - dbc
a - cda a - dca
d b - cdb c b - dcb

Here we can see that there are 24 possible arrangements if the


letters a, b, c and d taken 3 at a time.
2. For you breakfast, maybe you have a choice of hotdog sandwich, cheese
sandwich, egg sandwich and ham sandwich with milk, chocolate or juice
for your drinks. In how many ways can you have your breakfast?
Solution:
Using the tree diagram to determine the number of possible ways you
can have your breakfast.
M
HDS C
J
M We can see from the tree diagram
CS C that you can have 12 ways of having
Breakfast J
M
your breakfast.
ES C
J
HS M
C
J
Thank you!!!

You might also like