WALK UP APARTMENT

DATA COLLECTION

BY
HARINI V(9921014003)
3RD YEAR B.ARCH
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN IV
 RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS - TYPES

ORDINARY SPECIAL
RESIDENTIAL GROUP RESIDENTIAL MULTI-STOREY
BUILDINGS DEVELOPMENTS BUIDINGS RESIDENTIAL
BUILDINGS

Buildings which have less than A development where the A single residential building Any building that has more than
300 sq.m plot area and a dwelling units are in at least two with more than 2 floors, more 4 floors or 15.25 m height is a
multi-storey building. These can
maximum of G+1 structure in or more blocks and have than 6 dwelling units is called a also be group development.
height are classified as Ordinary minimum plot extent 300 sq.m special residential building.
Residential buildings. are called Group Developments.
PARKING REQUIREMENTS
 MULTI-STOREY BUILDING - REGULATIONS

• Site Extent - The minimum extent of site for construction of multistoreyed building shall not be
less than 1500 square metres.
• Road width - The site shall either abut on a road not less than 18 metres in width or gain access
from public road not less than 18 metres in width through a part of the site which can be treated
as an exclusive passage of not less than 18 metres in width.
• Internal Vehicular Access - Internal Vehicular Access way including passage, if any, within the
site, shall have a clear width of 7.2 metre and such vehicular access shall be available for every
building block in the site. Further, it shall be a clear width of open to sky and no projection in
structure over it is permissible.
• The extent of the site, FSI, set back etc., for Multi-storeyed Building shall be regulated according
to the Table below:-
• Fire safety, detection and extinguishing systems –

(a) All building in their design and construction shall be such as to contribute to
and ensure individually and collectively and the safety of life from fire, smoke, fumes and also panic arising
from these or similar other causes.
(b) In building of such size, arrangement or occupancy that a fire may not itself
provide adequate warning to occupants, automatic fire detecting and alarming facilities shall be provided
where necessary to warn occupants or the existence of fires, so that they may escape, or to facilitate the
orderly conduct of fire exit drills.
(c) Fire protecting and extinguishing system shall conform to accepted standards
and shall be installed in accordance with good practice as recommended in the National Building Code of
India, (amended from time to time) and to the satisfaction of the Director of Fire and Rescue Services by
obtaining a no objection certificate from him.
• Basement Floor - The height of basement floor shall not exceed 1.2 metres above ground level and the
headroom shall be minimum 2.4 metres. Sufficient provision for light and ventilation should be made.
• Rainwater Harvesting –
There shall be a pebble bed of 1 metre width and 1.5 metres depth all around the building and
filled with rounded pebbles of 5 centimetres to 7.5 centimetres size.
The concrete paving around the building has to be slopped at about 1 in 20 towards the pebble
bed, so that rain water from the terrace and side open spaces flow over this pavement and spread into the pebble bed
around.
Dwarf walls in masonry of 7.5 centimetres, height shall be constructed at the entrance and exit
gates to retard rainwater collected into the compound from draining out to the road.
• Sewage Treatment Plant – If there are more than 50units, sewage treatment plant should be
provided and maintained. If there are less than 50units, septic tank with up flow filters should be
provided.
• Electrical Room - Electrical Room should be provided on the ground floor of the building within
the built-up space or within the premises. Width of access road to should be at least 3 m. Spacing
6m 3m (EWS) Frontage 6m (CBA) 12m (CMA) 10 M (EWS). Room with RCC roof should
have minimum 6x4 m floor area and 2.75 vertical clearance between electric wires and roof.
Room should be enclosed on three sides with wall and fourth side should have M.S Rolling Grill
Shutter. This side should face the approach road. Electrical Room should have two exhaust fans,
one on either side of the shutter. 6. It should have raised cement flooring with cable duct of width
(450-750mm) depth all around the inside of the room and close to the shutter. This should be
covered with RCC slabs minimum 75 mm width.
 SPATIAL REQUIREMENT

• Main Building - The plinth or any part of a building or outhouse shall be so located with respect
to average road level from site so that adequate drainage of the site is assured but at a not height
less than 45 cm.
• Interior Courtyards, Covered Parking Spaces and Garages -These shall be raised at least 15
cm. above the surrounding ground level and shall satisfactorily drained.
• Parapet - Parapet walls and handrails provided on the edges of roof terrace, balcony etc. should
not be less than 1.0 m. and more than 1.5 m. in height.
• Kitchen -Every room to be used as a kitchen shall have

a) Unless separately provided in a pantry, means for washing of kitchen utensils, which shall lead directly or
through a sink to a grated and trapped connection to the waste pipe.
b) An impermeable floor.
c) At least a window not less than 1 sq m. in area open directly to an interior or exterior open space, but not into
a shaft.
d) In residential building 15 m. or more in height, refuse chutes.
• Bathroom and W. C - Every bathroom or water closet shall

a) Be so situated that atleast one of its walls shall open to external air and shall have a minimum opening in the
form of window or ventilation to the extent of 0.37 sq m.
b) Not be directly over any room other than another latrine, washing place, bath or terrace unless it has a
watertight floor.
c) Have the platform or seat made of watertight non-absorbent material.
d) Be enclosed by walls or partitions and the surface of every such wall partition shall be finished with a smooth
impervious material to a height of not less than 1.0 m. above the floor of such a room.
e) Be provided with an impervious floor covering, sloping towards the drain with a suitable grade and not
towards verandah or any other room.
 f) No room containing water closets shall be used for any purpose except as a lavatory.
g) Every water closet and/or a set of urinals shall have flushing cistern of adequate capacity attached to it
h) A toilet on terrace having a maximum of 2.2 mt. height shall be permitted subject to condition that the area of toilet
be counted in FAR.
i) All the sewage outlets shall be connected to the Municipal Sewerage system. Where no such system exists, a septic
tank shall be provided within the plot conforming to the requirements.
• Lighting and Ventilation of Rooms
All habitable rooms shall have for the admission of light and air, one or more apertures, such as window, glazed door
and fan lights, opening directly to the external air or into a open verandah not more than 2.40 mt. in width. In case light and
ventilation to habitable space area are through an internal courtyard, the minimum dimensions of such courtyard shall not be
less than 3.0 m. x 3.0 m. for buildings upto 12.50 m. in height. For buildings with higher heights, the minimum dimensions of
the internal courtyard shall be as given in Building Bye-Laws 4.9.
Where the lighting and ventilation requirements are not met through day lighting and natural ventilation, the same
shall be ensured through artificial lighting and mechanical ventilation as given in part-VII building services Section-1 lighting
and Ventilation of National Building Code of India published by the Bureau of Indian Standards. The latest version of the
National Building Code of India shall be taken into account at the time of enforcement of the Building Bye-Laws.
Notwithstanding the above, the minimum aggregate area of openings of habitable rooms and kitchens excluding doors shall be
not less than 1/10 of the floor area. No portion of a room shall be assumed to be lighted if it is more than 7.50 m. from the
opening assumed for lighting that portion.
Ventilation Shaft:

Stairs and Corridor - The minimum width provision shall be made for stairway residential building
as flat is 1.2 m
Exit –
Number and size of Exits -The requisite number and size of various exits shall be provided, based
on the occupants in each room and floor based on the occupant load, capacity of exits, travel distance and
height of buildings
Arrangement of Exits- a) Exits shall be so located so that the travel distance on the floor shall not
exceed 22.50 m. for residential, educational, institutional and hazardous occupancies and 30.0 m. for assembly,
business, mercantile, industrial and storage occupancies. Whenever more than one exit is required for a floor of
a building they shall be placed as remote from each other as possible. All the exits shall be accessible from the
entire floor area at all floor levels.
 DIRECTORATE OF FIRE AND RESCUE
SERVICE STANDARDS
• (i) No transformer shall be located below the first basement or above the ground floor
• (ii) A sub station or switch station with apparatus having more than 2000 litres oil shall not be allowed in the case of indoor
transformer.
• (iii) The indoor transformer should preferably be housed in a fireproof room with walls and doors sufficient fire rating.
• The room in the ground floor of the basement housing the transformer shall have a free access to the outside. There shall be a
curb or a dwarf wall around the transformer so that oil spills if any, is contained within the curb. There shall also be a suitable
drain with a ‘flame-arrester’. If in the basement, the transformers shall be adequately protected against fire by a high velocity
water spray or a CO2 flooder of suitable capacity, depending upon the size of the transformer. The switchgears, if any shall be
housed in a separate room with suitable fire resistance walls. The transformers shall be located only in the periphery of the
basement or ground floor, observing suitable clearances. DCP or CO2 portable fire extinguishers of a minimum capacity of
10kg. shall be kept near the doorway housing the transformer. All indoor transformers shall be subjected to periodic
inspection and shall be replaced in good time so that there is no fire risk. 54 The room shall be well ventilated so that the
transformer remains cool. The room shall have emergency and automatic lighting with independent power supply”.
ANTHROPOMETRY
 BASIC BUILDING FORMS

• The block :

-Wider than it is tall

-The apartments are arranged off a Corridor ( single, or double loaded).
• The tower :

-Vertical form
-Single centralized core-
-It may have a base.
• Courtyard apartments:

- Provide the side open spaces (courtyards)

-The open spaces are communal and should provide a high quality landscaped environment and outlook
-It may have a base.
om the street courtyard or privat
two levels above ground.
BUILDING ACCESS ARRANGEMENT

• Vertically ( lift staircase).

• Horizontally (corridors) internal or external.
• Individually (having their own front door).
• Vertical
1. A greater degree of individuality
2. Vertical cores can be placed internally or externally
3. It can bring light and air into communal areas
• Horizontal (Single -loaded corridor access )
1.The dwellings are accessed of one side only.
2.The orientation of all apartments is towards a preferred aspect
3. External corridors allow natural light
4. Dwellings with cross ventilation if corridor is external.
• Double -loaded corridor access
1.The dwellings are accessed of both sides of the corridor.
2.The overall building depth is deeper than a single loaded arrangement.
3.Higher overall density of residential units.4.Greater efficiency of
circulation space.
 INDIVIDUAL APARTMENT TYPES

There are three key elements that can be used to describe an individual apartment type:
• The number of bedrooms
• The number of storey (single storey, mezzanine or two storey
• The number of external walls that have views to the out side (single aspect,double aspect or
corner aspect
• Single aspect apartment
-have three closed sides(except for the entrance) and are
typically used with a double
–loaded corridor access arrangement
• Double aspect apartments
-can be assessed off an external
access way, from an internal atrium from vertical shared access
• Corner aspect apartments
-have two sides that are exterior walls. This often used
in tower buildings.
-Corner apartments should take advantage of their
potential for dual aspects and increased views, sunlight and day light
 LIVING AREAS
• Through traffic should be separated from activity centers.
• Openings should be located so as to give enough wall space for various furniture arrangements.
• Convenient access should be provided to doors, windows, electric outlets, thermostats, and
supply grills
 BEDROOM

• Bedroom should be large enough for at least queen size bed with circulation on both sides of the
bed.
• A well designed bedroom will also allow for aide range of other activities – studying and for
children to play
 DINING AREAS
• Dining areas must accommodate furniture-either portable or built-in-for eating, sitting, serving
and possible storage.
• Equipment for these dining functions may also be adapted to meet other possible requirements
for this space-as studying, game playing, etc.
• Access around a dining table should be a minimum 600-700mm where the space adjoins a bench
or other space.
 COMBINED LIVING-DINING SPACES

• Often several compatible living functions can be combined advantageously in a single room .
• Some of the benefits of such arrangements are that less space.
• Visually it can be made more interesting and seem more generous than if the same functions
were dispersed into separate rooms
 KITCHEN

• The kitchen is not a specialized workroom, for it has many uses . It is used forpreparation of
meals, food preservation, storage of food and utensils, and also, in many cases, for eating.
• Kitchen should have 1.2m access space in front of the base kitchen units.
 BALCONIES
• Locate the private outdoor space adjacent to the main living and dining space of the apartment.
• Do not providing climbing aids to gain access into an apartment.
• Ensure balconies are not so deep that they prevent sunlight entering the apartment below
 WINDOWS

• A window in a habitable room should be located in an external wall.

• A window may provide daylight to a bedroom from a smaller area within the room, where: The
area is atleast: A minimum width of 1.2 meters. A maximum depth of 1.5 times the width,
measured from the external surface of the window. The window is clear to the sky.
• The extent to which the habitable room is provided with reasonable daylight access through the
number, size, location and orientation of windows
WATER SERVICES