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Marx Generator

This document provides an overview of a Marx generator project. The objectives are to develop a 10-stage Marx generator circuit to produce lightning-like impulse voltages on a small scale using a 1.5 kV DC input. The project involves designing a high voltage DC power supply using a Cockcroft-Walton voltage multiplier circuit and constructing a prototype Marx generator circuit. Components used include capacitors, resistors, and sphere gaps. The generator will be used to study impulse voltages and help test electrical equipment insulation.

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thakurankush9999
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261 views27 pages

Marx Generator

This document provides an overview of a Marx generator project. The objectives are to develop a 10-stage Marx generator circuit to produce lightning-like impulse voltages on a small scale using a 1.5 kV DC input. The project involves designing a high voltage DC power supply using a Cockcroft-Walton voltage multiplier circuit and constructing a prototype Marx generator circuit. Components used include capacitors, resistors, and sphere gaps. The generator will be used to study impulse voltages and help test electrical equipment insulation.

Uploaded by

thakurankush9999
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Marx Generator

Minor Project
Electrical Engineering
Table of contents
1
Introduction 2
Literature 3
review Methodology 4
Work done so 5
far
Refrences
INTRODUCTION

Problem
introduction Project Objectives
statements
Introduction
• Marx generator is a powerful device that is used to
generate lightning impulse voltage.
• It was originally described by Erwin otto Marx in 1924
This generator consists of multiple capacitors that are first
charged in parallel through charging resistors by a high-
voltage, direct-current source and then connected in series
and discharged through a test object by a concurrent spark-
over between the sphere gaps
Lightning
MARX
GENERATOR
Project Objectives
• To know characteristics of lightning voltage strikes.
• To develop a practical 10 stages circuit model of Marx generator

and to produce an impulse voltage using a prototype model on a


reduced scale & 1.5 kV DC as input.
Project Objectives

• Developing High input DC voltage for Marx


generator.
• To create a Fake lightning for testing electrical
equipment's.
Problem Statement
• Lack of portable impulse generator mainly for research and education

purpose.
• There are applications where they are needed for low magnitudes of

impulse voltage (<5 kV).


• To provide an alternative for studying the generator impulse voltage in

such a way that modification can be made easily.


• To provide portable HV supplies in the laboratory for education

purpose.
• To provide hands-on experience to the students in developing HV

related stuff.
LITERATURE
REVIEW
LITERATURE REVIEW

4
Design of single
2 3 5
1 Single stage Marx
phase High voltage DC
Multi stage Marx High Voltage
Background power
impulse circuit impulse circuit Measurement
supply
BACKGROUND
• Introduction of High Voltage technologies at the beginning of last

century.
• Numbers of theories on lightening formation and generation have

been presented.
• Marx has been the important guiding principle in generating

lightening impulse voltage.


• Marx circuit has been widely used in generation of high repetition

voltage pulses, high power microwaves where rise time ranges in


nano second region.
SIN G L E STA G E M AR X IM PULSE C IR C UIT
• It is a simpler form of Marx circuit where single stage is used .
• In this one energy storage capacitor is charged from high power DC supply.
• Then the capacitor is discharged through resistor to get output waveform.
• The sphere gap in circuit is voltage limiting or voltage sensitive switch

Single Stage Impulse Generator Circuit (Standard Marx Circuit)


MULT I STAGE MAR X GE NE R ATOR
• It is the improved version of single stage circuit as there were
some difficulties with single stage circuit.
• The difficulties are like:
• Very high voltage switching of spark gap.
• Increase in circuit element size.
• Requirement of high direct current voltage to charge
capacitor.
• Difficulties in corona discharge suppression

• A multistage generator is developed by cascading smaller


single stage generator, to generate high magnitude of output
voltage.
MULT I STAGE MAR X GE NE R ATOR

Multi stage Marx impulse generator (Standard Marx Circuit)


DE SIGN OF HVDC POW E R SUPPLY
• To design a high voltage dc supply for the input of Marx generator
using Cockroft - Walton voltage multiplier circuit .
• The conventional technique is used because the designed multiplier
circuit is easy to implement and can be used for high power input ,
for laser excitation etc.

Schematic diagram of Cockroft Walton voltage multiplier


METHODOLOGY

SOLUTIONS
PROJECT &
INTRODUCTION COMPONENTS COMPLICATIONS
METHODOLOGY WORK DONE SO
FAR
P RACT ICAL S ET UP
• In this experiment we have used two circuits ,
• Cockroft- Walton voltage multiplier
• To design a single-phase high-power dc supply at 1.5 kV output using
Cockroft- Walton voltage multiplier
• The conventional technique is used because the designed multiplier circuit is
easy to implement and can be used for other purposes.
• The main components of multiplier circuit are 1N4007 diodes and ceramic
film capacitors.
• Marx generator.
COMPONENTS
of the Multiplier Circuit
1
Input ac voltage 220 V

2
Output voltage 1.5 kV

3
Dc capacitor voltage 400 V
COMPONENTS 4
of the Multiplier Circuit Capacitance value 100 nF

5
Diode PIV 1000 V

6
Forward current 1 amp
16 - STAGE MULTIPLIER CIRCUIT

Fig : Constructed DC Power supply Fig : Experimental output DC


Voltage of Multiplier circuit
EXPERIMENTAL
OBSERVATION
• In this circuit, 16 capacitor and 16 Diodes are
connected to form a multiplier circuit.
• The diodes are arranged in half wave rectifier
schematic form
• This Circuit is fed with 220 V AC supply to
produce high voltage DC output of 750 V.
In Marx generator circuit we have used two components which are as follows
and arranged them as per the circuit diagram generator circuit we have used
two components which are as follows and arranged them as per the circuit
diagram :

• Ceramic capacitor : 220 pF, 15 kV


• Resistor carbon film : 1mega ohm , 1 Watt
• Sphere gaps.
• DC input: 1.5kV
CONCLUSION
• Over voltages on power lines create a great danger for the electrical equipment's , continuity of
supply and more specifically the safety of personnel .
• Mostly the protection of the electric power depends on the performance of insulation of the systems
under transient over voltages condition rises due to lightning and switching applications.
• Switching operation or faults are known as switching impulse voltages and that due to lightning are
known as lightning impulse voltages .
• Hence research in this area specifically the study of impulse waves is Generation, its nature and
characteristics is desired.
• This motivates the need for practical High Voltage impulse generation using Marx Impulse Generator.
• Marx generator can be used to provide very high Voltage pulses for the examining of insulation of
electrical equipment such as Large Power Transformer or Insulators used for aiding Transmission
Line.
REFERNCES
• YOU TUBE :

• ELECTRO BOOM

• MARX generator experimentation

• SUTHAR, J. L., LAGHARI, J. R., SALUZZO, T. J., “USEFULNESS OF SPICE IN HIGH Vol t age
• (
Engi neeri ng Education”, Transactions on power system, Vol.6
• WADHWA, C.L., “HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING” NEW DELHI, NEW AGE

• KUFFEL, JOHN, E. KUFFEL, AND WALTER S. ZAENGL. HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING


fundam entals. Newnes, 2000.
• VECCHIO, M. D. R., “DETERMINING IDEAL IMPULSE GENERATOR SETTINGS FROM A
Generator - Transform er Circuit Model”, IEEE Transactions on Power
Deli very, Vol.17, (January 2002
THANK YOU !

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