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Digital System Design Using HDL

This document discusses high level system design using HDL. It covers the following key points: 1. Digital systems can be divided into combinational and sequential circuits, where sequential circuits require memory elements like latches and flip-flops. 2. Finite state machines (FSMs) are mathematical abstractions that model digital systems as states, inputs, and outputs over discrete time. FSMs can be synchronous or asynchronous. 3. FSMs consist of combinational logic blocks for outputs and next states, as well as a memory block. The two types of FSMs are Mealy and Moore machines.

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Mohammad Ayatullah Maktoom
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132 views15 pages

Digital System Design Using HDL

This document discusses high level system design using HDL. It covers the following key points: 1. Digital systems can be divided into combinational and sequential circuits, where sequential circuits require memory elements like latches and flip-flops. 2. Finite state machines (FSMs) are mathematical abstractions that model digital systems as states, inputs, and outputs over discrete time. FSMs can be synchronous or asynchronous. 3. FSMs consist of combinational logic blocks for outputs and next states, as well as a memory block. The two types of FSMs are Mealy and Moore machines.

Uploaded by

Mohammad Ayatullah Maktoom
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Digital System Design Using HDL

High Level System Design


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Goals
To learn the high level system design

Design flow
Design methodology To model digital systems at various abstraction levels using HDL To learn synthesizable subset of VHDL and Verilog To learn tools that support VHDL and Verilog Simulation and Synthesis To introduce students to ASIC and FPGA design process
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Review Of Concept of Digital System

Combinational Vs Sequential Circuits


Digital circuits can generally be divided into combinational circuits and sequential circuits. Combinational (combinatorial) circuits are those whose outputs are functions of current inputs only. Sequential circuits are those whose outputs depends not only on current inputs, but also previous inputs. Combinational circuit: Outputs = F (current inputs) Sequential circuit: Outputs = F (current inputs, past inputs)
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Sequential Circuits

Sequential circuits therefore requires memory elements such as latches, flip-flops.

Input Present State

Combinational Logic

Output Next State

Memory
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Sequential Circuits cntd

Mathematical abstraction of sequential system is called FSM, an FSM is a system comprising states, inputs and outputs. It models time as discrete instants at which input or output can change. If the states and output transitions are constrained to occur at pre-defined times such as clock edges, the FSM is known as synchronous. If the states and outputs change in response to input changes, which can occur at any time, the FSM is known as asynchronous.5 IZ 4/29/2012

Sequential Circuits cntd

FSM consists of three blocks.


Combinational Logic for the output. Combinational Logic for the next state. Memory block

FSM are of two types.


Mealy FSM Moore FSM
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IZ

Mealy Machine
O/P Combinational Logic Next State Combinational Logic Memory
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Output

Input

Moore Machine
O/P Combinational Logic

Output

Input

Next State Combinational Logic Memory

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Analysis of FSM

Analysis of FSM is to determine the job perform by the machine Literal analysis:
Symbolic Analysis

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Literal Analysis

Mealy Machine
Initialize the system Apply a set of inputs Propagate the set of inputs to the output and next state values Observe the outputs Apply the clock and update the present state values Return to second step Note:-inputs and outputs are valid immediately before the clock pulse

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Mealy Machine
S

Q C

D Clk

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Literal Analysis

Moore Machine
Initialize the system Apply a set of inputs Propagate the set of inputs to the output and next state values Apply the clock and update the present state values and propagate the new present state to the o/p. Observe the outputs Return to second step Note:-inputs are valid during the clock pulse and outputs are valid following the the clock pulse

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Moore Machine
Z

Q C

D Clk

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Symbolic Analysis
Generate switching algebra expression describing o/p and I/p to memory device (flip-flop). Generate next state equation for each flip-flop, using its switching algebra expression and characteristic equation. Generate next state K-Map for each FF, using its characteristic equation, and K-Map for each o/ps Generate a sate table Generate state diagram

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Mealy Machine

X QB Clk J A K Q

X Z

QA
X

QA_BAR QB_BAR

Q B

Clk
QB K

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