DATA

COLLECTION
 DATA
COLLECTION 01
WHAT IS DATA COLLECTION?

Data collection is the process of gathering and measuring

information on variables of interest, in an established systematic fashion
that enables one to answer stated research questions, test hypotheses,
and evaluate outcomes. The data collection component of research is
common to all fields of study including physical and social sciences,
humanities, business, etc. While methods vary by discipline, the
emphasis on ensuring accurate and honest collection remains the same.
IMPORTANCE OF DATA
COLLECTION

Regardless of the field of study or preference for defining

data (quantitative, qualitative), accurate data collection is essential
to maintaining the integrity of research. Both the selection of
appropriate data collection instruments (existing, modified, or
newly developed) and clearly delineated instructions for their
correct use reduce the likelihood of errors occurring.
IMPORTANCE OF DATA
COLLECTION

Consequences from improperly collected data include

• inability to answer research questions accurately
• inability to repeat and validate the study
• distorted findings resulting in wasted resources
• misleading other researchers to pursue fruitless avenues of
investigation
• compromising decisions for public policy
• causing harm to human participants and animal subjects
 DATA
COLLECTION
METHODS
02
DATA COLLECTION
METHODS
Data collection methods are techniques and procedures used to
gather information for research purposes. These methods can range from
simple self-reported surveys to more complex experiments and can involve
either quantitative or qualitative approaches to data gathering.

Some common data collection methods include surveys,

interviews, observations, focus groups, experiments, and secondary data
analysis. The data collected through these methods can then be analyzed and
used to support or refute research hypotheses and draw conclusions about the
study’s subject matter.
TYPES OF DATA COLLECTION
METHODS

The choice of data collection method depends on the research

question being addressed, the type of data needed, and the resources and
time available. You can categorize data collection methods into primary
methods of data collection and secondary methods of data collection.
Types of data collection methods:
• Primary Data Collection Method
• Secondary Data Collection Method
PRIMARY DATA COLLECTION
METHODS

Primary data is collected from first-hand experience and is not

used in the past. The data gathered by primary data collection methods
are specific to the research’s motive and highly accurate.
Primary data collection methods can be divided into two
categories:
• quantitative methods
• qualitative methods
QUANTITATIVE METHODS
Quantitative techniques for market research and demand
forecasting usually use statistical tools. In these techniques, demand is
forecasted based on historical data. These methods of primary data
collection are generally used to make long-term forecasts. Statistical
methods are highly reliable as subjectivity is minimal in these methods.
• Time Series Analysis: The term time series refers to a
sequential order of values of a variable, known as a trend, at
equal time intervals. Using patterns, an organization can
predict the demand for its products and services for the
projected time.
QUANTITATIVE METHODS
• Smoothing Techniques: In cases where the time series lacks
significant trends, smoothing techniques can be used. They eliminate a
random variation from the historical demand. It helps in identifying
patterns and demand levels to estimate future demand. The most
common methods used in smoothing demand forecasting techniques
are the simple moving average method and the weighted moving
average method.
• Barometric Method: Also known as the leading indicators approach,
researchers use this method to speculate future trends based on current
developments. When the past events are considered to predict future
events, they act as leading indicators.
QUALITATIVE METHODS
Qualitative data collection methods are especially useful in
situations when historical data is not available. Or there is no need of
numbers or mathematical calculations. Qualitative research is closely
associated with words, sounds, feeling, emotions, colors, and other
elements that are non-quantifiable. These techniques are based on
experience, judgment, intuition, conjecture, emotion, etc.
• Surveys: Surveys are used to collect data from the target
audience and gather insights into their preferences, opinions,
choices, and feedback related to their products and services.
Most survey software often has a wide range of question types
to select.
QUALITATIVE METHODS
• Polls: Polls comprise one single or multiple-choice question.
You can go for polls when it is required to have a quick pulse
of the audience’s sentiments. Because they are short in length,
it is easier to get responses from people.
• Interviews: In this method, the interviewer asks the
respondents face-to-face or by telephone. In face-to-face
interviews, the interviewer asks a series of questions to the
interviewee in person and notes down responses. If it is not
feasible to meet the person, the interviewer can go for a
telephone interview. This form of data collection is suitable for
only a few respondents.
SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION
METHODS
Secondary data is the data that has been used in the past. The
researcher can obtain data from the data sources, both internal and
external, to the organizational data.
Internal sources of secondary data:
• Organization’s health and safety records
• Mission and vision statements
• Financial Statements
• Magazines
• Sales Report
• CRM Software
• Executive summaries
SECONDARY DATA COLLECTION
METHODS
External sources of secondary data:
• Government reports
• Press releases
• Business journals
• Libraries
• Internet
CONCLUSION 03
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, data collection stands as a cornerstone of
modern information-driven endeavors, encompassing the systematic
acquisition and organization of data to unearth insights and facilitate
decision-making across diverse domains. Whether in scientific research,
business analytics, or social studies, the meticulous process of data
collection serves as the bedrock upon which knowledge is built. It
involves a strategic blend of methods, ranging from surveys and
experiments to sensor networks and digital tracking, each tailored to the
unique requirements of the subject under investigation.
 THANK YOU
FOR
LISTENING!
STUDENT:
MANALOTO, ANGELO M.