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Dna Introduction 8753

DNA contains the genetic code that makes each organism unique, with humans having human genes, gerbils having gerbil genes, and bananas having banana genes. DNA is found within chromosomes in the nucleus of cells and is made up of a double helix structure formed from pairs of chemical bases that make up the genetic code. This genetic code contained in DNA is what determines the characteristics of each organism.

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55 views11 pages

Dna Introduction 8753

DNA contains the genetic code that makes each organism unique, with humans having human genes, gerbils having gerbil genes, and bananas having banana genes. DNA is found within chromosomes in the nucleus of cells and is made up of a double helix structure formed from pairs of chemical bases that make up the genetic code. This genetic code contained in DNA is what determines the characteristics of each organism.

Uploaded by

shilpa S
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What do you think makes this baby human?

What makes organisms different?


Organisms differ because they have different genes.

 Humans have human genes

 Gerbils have gerbil genes

 Bananas have (yes,


Nobody else in the whole you’ve guessed it)
world has the same DNA as banana genes!
you!
Genetic information

 The nucleus of living cells contain chromosomes which are


made up of a string of genes.

 Different genes control the development of different


characteristics by issuing instructions to the cell.
What is DNA?
Chromosomes and their genes are made of a molecule called DNA.

DNA stands for


deoxyribonucleic
acid.

The DNA molecule


looks like a
twisted ladder this
Each chromosome spiral shape is
is a very long molecule called a
of tightly coiled DNA. DOUBLE HELIX

DNA molecules carry the code that controls what cells are made of
and what they do.
DNA Bases
The double helix ‘ladder’ of a DNA molecule is held together by
‘rungs’ made from pairs of chemicals called bases.

There are four types of bases, and they are usually identified by
their initials.

A
C
G
T
DNA Bases
Base pairs hold the two strands of the DNA helix together.

C G
A T
C G
A T

It is the sequence of these bases along a DNA molecule that forms the
genetic code – it’s that simple!
Review
 Where are chromosomes found?
A) In the nucleus
B) In the cytoplasm
C) In the cell membrane
Well
Done!
Review
 A part of DNA that carries the code for a particular
characteristic is called a:?
A) ladder
B) base
C) gene

Well
Done!
Review
 DNA stands for:
A) Deoxyribonucleic acid
B) Deoxyribonucleic alkali
C) Don’t know the answer

Well
Done!
 Nobody in the whole world has the same DNA as
you.

 Can you describe what DNA is?

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