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Compressive Strength Test

The document describes procedures for conducting a compressive strength test on concrete specimens according to ASTM C39 standards. It involves preparing concrete cubes or cylinders of a specific size, letting them cure for a minimum time period, and then placing them in a universal testing machine to apply a compressive load at a controlled rate until failure. Details are provided on safety precautions, testing apparatus requirements, concrete mix design examples, and how to record and analyze the results to determine if the compressive strength meets the design requirements.

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Jommel Gonzales
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109 views21 pages

Compressive Strength Test

The document describes procedures for conducting a compressive strength test on concrete specimens according to ASTM C39 standards. It involves preparing concrete cubes or cylinders of a specific size, letting them cure for a minimum time period, and then placing them in a universal testing machine to apply a compressive load at a controlled rate until failure. Details are provided on safety precautions, testing apparatus requirements, concrete mix design examples, and how to record and analyze the results to determine if the compressive strength meets the design requirements.

Uploaded by

Jommel Gonzales
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CONSTRUCTION

MATERIALS AND
TESTING
COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
TEST (ASTM C39)
Testing objectives:
The main purpose of this test is to determine the
compressive strength of a cast-in-place of
cube/cylindrical concrete specimen and its
suitability with accordance to 2013 DPWH
Standard Specification and ASTM C39.
Scope:
This test is limited only in footing, column footing, column,
reinforced slabs and any related concrete structure except to
beam and diagonal structure (slope protection). The
maximum application of load in specimen is strictly in a
rate of 140kg./cm2 /min. This test also observes the proper
procedure on how to conduct with respect to ASTM C39
and 2013 DWPW Standard Specification.
APPARATUS REQUIRED:
1. Universal Testing Machine
2. Concrete Cylinder/Cube Specimen (Cured)
a. Fine and Coarse Aggregate
b. Portland Cement
c. Tampering Rod with hemispherical tip
d. Concrete Cylinder/Cube Mold
e. Bitumen Material/used oil/
3. Digital Weighing Scale (10kg. capacity-sensitive to the
extent of 0.1% of total sample)
SAFETY AND PRECAUTIONS:
1. Before conducting test, use safety gloves, safety shoes & apron at
the time of test;
2. After test switch off the machine;
3. Keep all the exposed metal parts greased;
4. Equipment should be cleaned thoroughly before testing & after
testing; and
5. 5. Before conducting the test, make sure that no one is around (1-
meter radius from testing machine)
PREPARING CONCRETE
SPECIMEN AND TESTING
PROCEDURE
The following procedure was adopted in
ensuring that the data to be record from
compressive strength test specimens was taken
in an organized and consistent manner.
1. Prepare the cube/cylindrical concrete mold and clean the
internal and outside surface of the mold;
2. Sample casting mold should be 15 cm x 15 cm x 15 cm cube
mold or cylindrical specimens of 15 cm diameter x 30 cm
long;
3. Apply some oil (bitumen material/motor oil/crude oil is
highly recommended) in internal surface of the mold to avoid
sticking of cement paste;
4. Randomly get fresh concrete at the first, middle and last
discharge of the mixture;
5. Make sure to hold tight handle of the mold so that it will not
move before and after pouring of concrete mixture;
6. Pour the fresh concrete in the mold in three equal layers;
7. Each layer should be tampered circularly 25 times using
tampering rod. Take note, don’t let tampering rod to reach the
bottom surface of each layer, it can cause segregation which
may affect the output;
8. When the mold is completely filled with concrete (completed
3 layers), hold the tampering rod horizontally and roll it to
the top surface of the mold to ensure that no excess of
concrete will remain around it;
9. To prevent evaporation of sample, cover the upper surface
with glass plate;
10. The specimen shall be stored at the laboratory (or in any
room with same temperature) for 24hr and 30mins under
curing (use matting method);
11. After that, demold the sample into the mold and submerge it
into potable/clean water at 27ºC+2ºC until time of test;
12. Make sure that the head of the water surface and top surface
of the mold should not be greater than 50mm;
13. Make sure that the Universal Testing Machine is clean before
conducting test;
14. When the testing day comes, remove the specimen from the
water and conduct testing while the specimen is in wet
condition;
15. Specimen shall be free in any unnecessary loose material and
be wiped clean. Follow the steel patter at the bottom of the
machine and place the specimen at the center to ensure that
the specimen is align with the axis;
16. In machine controller of the UTM, set it on stress-strain
diagram and fill up the form as its stated in the window;
17. The load shall be applied slowly at a rate of 140kg./cm2 /min
until the specimen breaks (observe the line graph in the
monitor);
18. When specimen breaks, stop the operation of the machine
and remove the unnecessary debris under break specimen;
19. Take a photo on the break specimen and notice its type of
fracture; and
20. Record and gather all the data in the monitor.
EXAMPLE OF DETAILS OF CONCRETE
MIX USE IN COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
TEST

VOLUME OF VOLUME OF DESIGNED


CLASS OF CEMENT
FINE COARSE SIZE OF
CONCRETE CONTENT
SAMPLE AGGREGATE AGGRREGATE AGGREGAT
MIXTURE (CC)
NO. (VFA) (VCA) E

m³ m³ kg mm.

1 A 0.0090 0.0135 6.0 25

2 A 0.0096 0.0144 6.4 25

3 A 0.0090 0.0135 6.0 25


EXAMPLE OF COMPRESSIVE
STRENGTH TEST RESULTS
ACQUIRED
DIMENSION NO. OF CORRE- TYPE OF
IDENTI COMPRESSIVE
OF THE DAYS LATION FRACT- Remarks
FICATION STRENGTH
NO. SPECIMEN) CURED FACTOR (CF) URE
(ACS)

(days) (%) MPa (psi) .

COLUMN 1-C 150mm dia. x


1 7 71 20.7 (3,000) SHEAR Passed
AND 2B 300 mm height

150mm dia. x COLUMNA


2 SLAB S-2 14 80 15.0 (2,174) Failed
300 mm height R

150mm x
FOOTING F-3
3 150mm x 28 100 23.1 (3,334) CONIC Passed
TO F-5
150mm
28-DAYS CONCRETE MIX DESIGN
STRENGTH PROJECTION
CALCULATION:
Calculate the Volume of the Fine Aggregate:

Calculate the Volume of the Coarse Aggregate.

Calculate the Water – Cement Content Ratio.


Calculate the Required Compressive Strength::

Determine if the Compressive Strength of structure is passed or failed.


Cone is a reasonably well-formed cone on both ends that is less than
25mm of cracking near end caps. Type II-Cone and Shear is a well-
formed cone on one end and existing of vertical cracks through
opposite caps. Type III-Columnar, no well-formed cone is made
having a multiple vertical crack on both end caps. Type IV-Shear is
almost same with the type I pattern, cracks/fracture should only
observe in diagonal part and no vertical crack should be seen in both
caps. Lastly, Type V-Side Fractures is normally occurring on the
unbonded caps.

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