Computer

Controlled
Systems
by Benny-Grace and Nana Yaw
Table of contents
01 02
Introduction Computer controlled
systems Robots in manufacturing

03 04
Advantages Disadvantages
Introduction
Computer-controlled systems, often
referred to as control systems or
automated systems, are systems in
which various devices and
components are managed and
regulated by a computer or a
microcontroller.
 01

Computer
Controlled
Systems
 Components

Computer or
Sensors Microcontroller Actuators
These devices collect data from the The central computing unit These are devices that carry
system or environment, providing processes the data from sensors, out the commands from the
information on variables like makes decisions based on computer, such as motors,
temperature, pressure, positions, predefined algorithms or valves, or switches. Actuators
or other parameters programming, and issues physically control or
commands or adjustments. manipulate the system or
process.
 Applications of Computer Controlled
Systems

Manufacturing Aerospace Healthcare

Building
Transportation Automation Neptune is the farthest
planet from the Sun
 02

Robots in
Manufacturing
 Robots
Robots are used in many areas of manufacturing, from heavy work right through
to delicate operations. Examples include: paint spraying of car bodies, welding
bodywork on cars, manufacturing of microchips, manufacturing electrical goods
and stock movement in automatic warehouses.
Control of robots is either through embedded (built-in) microprocessors or
linked to a computer system. Programming of the robot to do a series of tasks is
generally done in two ways:
1. The robot is programmed with a sequence of instructions which allow it to carry out
the series of tasks (for example, spraying a car body with paint).
2. Alternatively, a human operator manually carries out the series of tasks;
this can be done in two ways:
● The robot arm is guided by a worker when spraying the object; each
movement of the arm is stored as an instruction in the computer.
OR
● The worker straps sensors to his own arm and sprays the object; each
movement is stored as a set of instructions in a computer; the sensors send
back information such as position relative to the object, arm rotation, and so
on – this information forms part of the instructions stored in the computer.

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 03

Advantages
These are the advantages of
using robots instead of humans
Efficiency
Robots can work continuously
without breaks, fatigue, or the need
for sleep. This results in higher
production rates and increased
output, helping manufacturers meet
high-demand production schedules.
Precision
Robots are capable of performing
tasks with exceptional precision and
accuracy. They can consistently
meet tight tolerances, reducing
errors and rework.
Cost-effectiveness
While there is an initial investment
in robotics, the long-term cost
savings can be substantial.
Automation reduces labour costs, as
fewer workers are needed for
repetitive or labour-intensive tasks.
 04

Disadvantages
These are the disadvantages of
using robots instead of humans
 Disadvantages
Initial Cost Limited Flexibility
The initial investment in robotics, While modern robots are becoming more
including the purchase of robots, flexible, they are not as adaptable as human
programming, integration, and setup workers in handling tasks that require fine
costs, can be substantial. This cost can be motor skills or the ability to quickly adjust to
a barrier for small and medium-sized changes in the production process.
manufacturers.

Job Displacement Maintenance

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