GOOD

MORNING! 
DEVELOPING A
BRAND NAME
 OBJECTIVES:
1.Learn about target market segmentation and
apply it to their brand name.
2.Design logo or visual representation for their
brand name.
3.Practice writing skills by creating slogans or
taglines for their brand name.
What is a
Brand?
A brand is NOT a logo.
A brand is NOT an identity.
A brand is NOT a product.
A brand is a person’s gut feeling
about a product, service, or
organization.
Why is it important?
 A brand is important because they
create a flatform of trust in which to
generate long term value.
 Branding is a powerful and
sustainable high-level marketing
strategy used to create or influence a
brand.
BRAND VS BRANDING
COMMONLY USED BRANDING
STRATEGIES

1. Purpose
TWO TYPES OF PURPOSE

a. Functional
b. Intentional
COMMONLY USED BRANDING
STRATEGIES

2. Consistency
COMMONLY USED BRANDING
STRATEGIES

3. Emotion
COMMONLY USED BRANDING
STRATEGIES

4. Flexibility
 According to Kevin Budelman,
“Effective identity programs require
sufficient consistency to be identifiable,
but sufficient variation to keep things
fresh and human.”
COMMONLY USED BRANDING
STRATEGIES

5. Employment Involvement
COMMONLY USED BRANDING
STRATEGIES

6. Loyalty
COMMONLY USED BRANDING
STRATEGIES

7. Competitive Awareness
ACTIVITY!
1. Develop a brand name and write a persuasive
slogans for your product.
2. Prepare a short explanation by describing the
product and why you come up with its name and
slogans.
3. Group leader should present the output in the class.
Thank
you!
 DEVELOPING A BUSINESS
PLAN: Selecting the Best
Product or Service that will Meet
the Market Need
How do you choose
the right product to
sell?
 1. PRIMARY CONSIDERATIONS IN
CHOOSING A PARTICULAR PRODUCT
1. Financial benefit to your business
2. Relatively low investment requirements
3. Positive return on investment
4. Fit with present strategy
5. Feasible to develop and produce
6. Easy to source and procure (relatively low
risk, and time to see intended results
2. MEET THE NEEDS OF THE CUSTOMER
AND SOLVE A SPECIFIC PROBLEM
1.Product must address a need or an opportunity
2.Know how your products or services can assist
customers
3.Product must have a real value that customers
can recognize, want and need
3. PRODUCE THE PRODUCT THAT YOU
ARE CAPABLE OF
1. Know if you have the time, resources and capability to
produce your product.
2. Find out if you can afford the manpower required.
3. Find out if you have the resources to outsource the
product development.
4. Know if you can produce a strong demand at a
specified period required with the same standard.
 4. CONSIDER THE SIZE OF YOUR
POTENTIAL REACHABLE MARKET
1. Get an idea of the size of your market.
2. Know who are likely to use or benefit from you
product.
3. Define who will be your potential customers that will
be interested in your product.
4. Understand who and how big your market can pay off
in the long run.
5. COMPLY WITH GOVERNMENT RULES
AND REGULATIONS
1.Be abreast with new laws or government
rules and regulations can impact your
product.
2.Comply with required permits, licenses, and
obtain approval from the government.
 6. YOUR PRODUCT MUST BE SUPERIOR IN ITS
FUNCTIONALITY, PRESENTATION OR MARKETING THAN
ANY SIMILAR OR EXISTING IN THE MARKET

1.- know and understand your UNIQUE

SELLING PROPOSITION.
7. IDENTIFY BARRIERS THAT MUST BE OVERCOME
FOR A POTENTIAL NEW PRODUCT ENTRY

1.- high research and development expenses

2.- patents
3.- competitors offering low prices
8. KNOW THE POTENTIAL SALES, GROWTH, PROFIT,
AND TIME FOR PAYBACK

1.Get a clear idea of you costs.

2.Understand how much sales you need to
have to breakeven
3.Post profit
4.Know what our return on investment will be.
 SWOT
ANALYSIS
 STRENGTHS
- refers to the specific positive aspects,
which will give your propose business an
advantage over similar business ventures
competitors.
 WEAKNESSES
- refers to the specific aspects that your
business will not be good at.
 OPPORTUNITIES
- refers to the on-going potential
developments around you that will be
good for your business.
 THREATS
- refers to the probable events that may
effect your business negatively.
 IDENTIFYING WHERE
PRODUCTS OR SERVICES ARE
IN THEIR LIFECYCLE TO YOUR
PROFITABILITY
 PRODUCT LIFE CYCLE
- CONCEPT
describes a product’s sales, profits,
customers, competitors, and marketing
emphasis from its beginning until it is
removed form the market.
KEY STAGES IN THE LIFECYCLE OF ANY
PRODUCT OR SERVICE

1. Product Development – at this point

your product or service is only an idea.
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

1. Idea Generation Methods

2. Idea Screening
3. Concept Testing
4. Business Analysis
PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT PLANNING

6. Product Development
7. Test Marketing
8. Commercialization
KEY STAGES IN THE LIFECYCLE OF ANY
PRODUCT OR SERVICE

2. Introduction – launching of product or

service in the marketplace and objective
is to generate customer interest.
KEY STAGES IN THE LIFECYCLE OF ANY
PRODUCT OR SERVICE

3. Growth – your product or services is

establishing itself, sales are growing and
profit margins are good.
KEY STAGES IN THE LIFECYCLE OF ANY
PRODUCT OR SERVICE

4. Maturity – sales growth is slowing or

has ever stopped.
KEY STAGES IN THE LIFECYCLE OF ANY
PRODUCT OR SERVICE

5. Decline – new and improved products

or services are on the market and
competition is high.
IDENTIFY WHETHER THE FOLLOWING PHRASES ARE
STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES AND
THREATS
4M’s of Production and
Business Model
 OBJECTIVES
1. Explain the 4M’s of Production and
Business Model
2. Identify the functions of each M’s
The three important elements in the
production system:
4M’s OF PRODUCTION
1. Manpower
2. Method
3. Machine
4. Material
4M’s OF PRODUCTION
 MANPOWER
- talks about the human labor
involved in the manufacturer
of products.
 MATERIALS
- refers to the raw materials
necessary in the production of
a product.
 MACHINE
- refers to the manufacturing
equipment used in the
production of goods or
delivery services.
 METHOD
- refers to the process or way
of transforming materials to
finished products.
ILLUSTRATION OF 4M’s IN THE PRODUCTION
SYSTEM
 MANPOWER
1. What can happen when
there’s a shortage of skilled
labor in a manufacturing
facililty?
 METHOD
2. What are the consequences
of using an outdated or
inefficient manufacturing
process?
 MACHINE
3. What happens when critical
machinery breaks down
during a production run?
 MATERIALS
4. How does the quality of raw
materials impact the final
product in a manufacturing
process?
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
- is the promotion that
explains what a product is and
why it’s worth buying?
 PROTOTYPING
- is a duplication of a product as it
will be produced, which may contain
such details as color, graphics,
packaging, and directions.
 SUPPLIER
- is an entity that offers goods and
services to another business.
 VALUE CHAIN
- is a method or activities by which a
company adds value to an item, with
production, marketing, and the
provision of after sales service.
VALUE CHAIN
 SUPPLY CHAIN
- is a structure of organization, people,
activities, data, and resources involved in
moving a product or service from supplier
to customer.
 BUSINESS MODEL
- is the reason of how an organization
creates, delivers, and captures value in
economic, social, cultural or other
contexts.
BUSINESS MODEL
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

1. INTRODUCTION – this part discusses

what is the business plan all about.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

2. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY – is part of the

business plan which is the first to be
presented but the last to be made.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

3. MANAGEMENT SECTION – shows how

you will manage your business and the
people you need to help you in your
operation.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

4. MARKETING SECTION – shows the

design of your product/service; pricing,
where you will sell and how you will
introduce your product/service to your
market.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

5. FINANCIAL SECTION – shows the

money needed for the business, how
much you will take in and how much you
will pay out.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

6. PRODUCTION SECTION – shows the

area, equipment, and materials needed for
the business.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

7. COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS – is the

strategy where you identify major
competitors and research their products,
sales, and marketing strategies.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

8. MARKET – the persons who will buy the

product or services.
COMPONENTS OF BUSINESS PLAN

9. ORGANIZATIONAL CHART – is the

diagram showing graphically the relation
of one official to another, or others of a
company.
FORECASTING THE
REVENUE OF THE
BUSINESS
 REVENUE
- is the result when sales exceed the cost
to product goods or render the services.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUES OF BUSINESS

1. The economic condition of the country.

– when the economy grows, its growth is
experienced by the consumers.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUES OF BUSINESS

2. The competing businesses or

competitors. – observe how your
competitors doing business.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUES OF BUSINESS
3. Changes happening in the community. –
changes happening in the environment
such as a customer demographic,
lifestyle, buying behavior and more.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUES OF BUSINESS
4. The internal aspect of the business. -
forecasting revenues in the business
itself.
 MARK UP FORMULA:

Mark Up Price = (Cost x desired mark up percentage)

Mark Up Price for T-shirt = (90.00 x 0.50)
Mark Up for T-shirt = 45.00
SELLING PRICE FORMULA:

Selling Price = Cost + Mark Up

Selling Price = 90.00 + 45.00
Selling Price for Tshirt = 135.00
 PROJECTED MONTHLY REVENUE
FORMULA:
Projected Monthly Revenue = Projected daily revenue x 30 days
Projected Monthly Revenue = 3,420.00 x 30
Projected Monthly Revenue = 102,600.00
 PROJECTED YEARLY REVENUE
FORMULA:
Projected Yearly Revenue = Projected daily revenue x 365 days
Projected Yearly Revenue = 3,420.00 x 365
Projected Yearly Revenue = 1,248,300.00
 BUSINESS
IMPLEMENTATION
BUSINESS IMPLEMENTATION
The BUSINESS PLAN should begin
with business concept and the vision
for the enterprise in the next three to
five years.
ORGANIZING AND STRUCTURING
THE ENTERPRISE
The Business Plan must be able to
estimate the capital required by the
enterprise.
ASSETS COMPOSITION
1. The CURRENT ASSSETS – this are
short-lived assets. They are composed of
cash, inventory, accounts receivables, and
other current assets.
ASSETS COMPOSITION
2. The LONG-LIVED or FIXED ASSETS –
they are composed of property, plant, and
equipment.
ASSETS COMPOSITION
3. The other assets – they are composed
of organizational and pre-operating
expenses.
 LIABILITIES
1. Current liabilities – suppliers credit and
other short-term credit.
 LIABILITIES
2. Long term debt – more than one year
payables.
 LIABILITIES
3. Owners equity – the share of a
company’s net assets that the owner can
claim as their own.
 TYPES OF BUSINESS
1. SOLE PROPRIETORSHIP – the simplest
and easiest enterprise to organize.
LIST OF CLEARANCES TO SECURE
A MAYOR’S PERMIT
1. Barangay clearance
2. Fire safety clearance
3. Certificate of electrical inspection
4. Certificate of occupancy
5. Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) certificate
6. Lease contract if space is leased
7. Locational clearance
 TYPES OF BUSINESS
2. PARNERSHIP – if two or more persons
bind themselves into a contract to
contribute money, property, and expertise
in a common venture with the intention of
dividing the profits among themselves.
 TYPES OF BUSINESS
3. GENERAL PARTNERSHIP – is
composed of partners who are liable
individually and collectively to all those
who have claims against them.
 TYPES OF BUSINESS
4. A LIMITED PARTNERSHIP – consist of
partners who have limited liabilities while
others in the partnership have unlimited
liabilities.
PARTNERHSIP REQUIREMENTS
1. A bank certificate of deposit on the money
contributions of the partners; and
2. The approval for its partnership name
form the Department of Trade and Industry
 TYPES OF BUSINESS
5. CORPORATIONS – the third of business
organization. Like the partnership. The
corporation also has a separate legal
personality quite distinct from the investors
who contributed money to the enterprise.
 4 TYPES OF CORPORATION

1. STOCK CORPORATION – issues capital

stocks dividend into shares (or proportion of
the total capital).
4 TYPES OF CORPORATION

2. Non-Stock Non-Profit Corporation – this is

organized to carry out a purpose or purposes
other than generating profits for investors.
4 TYPES OF CORPORATION

2. Non-Stock Non-Profit Corporation – this is

organized to carry out a purpose or purposes
other than generating profits for investors.
4 TYPES OF CORPORATION

3. CLOSE CORPORATION – has articles of

incorporation that limit the ownership of
issued stocks to at the most 20 persons.
4 TYPES OF CORPORATION

4. CORPORATION SOLE – it is a special form

of corporation allowed by law, usually
associated with the clergy.
QUESTIONS AND
CLARIFICATIONS?
 ACTIVITY:
1. If you were to set up a business venture,
what would be your personal purpose for
doing so? What type of business would you
set up? What would be the mission of this
enterprise? Craft a personal and an enterprise
mission statement.
 GOOD
MORNING! 
BUSINESS
RECORDS
 OBJECTIVES:
1. explain the key reasons for keeping business
records, including legal records, compliance,
financial analysis, and auditing
2. demonstrate the ability to accurately create and
maintain business records, including invoices,
receipts, and financial statements.
 OBJECTIVES:
3. suggest / recommend ways on how
to ensure the security and
confidentiality of business records.
WHAT IS RECORD
KEEPING
 RECORD KEEPING
- orderly and disciplined
practice of storing business
records.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?

1. LEGAL COMPLIANCE – proper record

keeping ensures that your business
complies with tax laws and regulations
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?

2. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT – good

record keeping provides a clear picture of
your business financial health.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?

3. BUSINESS PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS

– detailed records help you analyze your
business’ performance over time.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?
4. ACCESS TO FUNDING – when seeking
loans or investors, investors and lenders
often requires well-maintained financial
records to assess your business’s
creditworthiness and potential growth.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?

5. TAX REPORTING – accurate records

make tax reporting and filing much easier.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?

6. RISK MANAGEMENT – keeping records

can help you identify and mitigate risks.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?
7. DECISION MAKING: record keeping
empowers you to make informed
decisions about pricing, product lines,
marketing strategies, and resource
allocation.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?
8. AUDITS AND INVESTIGATIONS – in the
event an audit by tax authorities or other
government agencies, having well organized
records will save your time, reduce stress,
and demonstrate commitment to compliance.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?
9. BUSINESS EVALUATION – if you ever plan
to sell your business or bring in partners,
comprehensive financial records can be
crucial in determining the value of your
company.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?
10. ACCOUNTABILITY AND TRANSPARENCY
– it fosters accountability within your
business.
 Why RECORD KEEPING is
important?
11. BENCHMARKING – you can compare you
business’s performance to industry standards
and competitors when you have well-
documented financial records, which can help
you identify areas for improvements.
 RECORD KEEPING TOOLS
1. Manual Record Keeping
2. Electronic Record Keeping
3. Document Management System
4. Accountants and Bookkeepers
5. Physical Filing Systems
6. Digital Folders and Directories
 RECORD KEEPING TOOLS
7. Backup and Data Security
8. Record retention Schedule
9. Mobile Apps
QUESTIONS AND
CLARIFICATIONS?
 GROUP ACTIVITY
1. Analyze the case scenario, identify the reasons
for the issues, and propose solutions.
2. Summarize the key reasons for maintaining
business records based on the presented
video, including how you relate to values like
accountability.
 4M’S OF
OPERATIONS
 GOOD
MORNING! 
 OBJECTIVES:
1.Identify essential factors in forecasting
revenues and costs;
2.Calculate mark up and selling price of a
product of merchandise;
3.Compute projected revenues; and
4.Compute projected costs
 FORECASTING
REVENUES AND COSTS
DEPARTMENT
WHAT IS REVENUE?
REVENUE – is a result when
sales exceed the cost to
produce goods or render the
services.
SALES – is used especially
when the nature of business is
merchandising or retail.
SERVICE INCOME – is used to
record revenues earned by
rendering services.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUE
1. THE ECONOMIC CONDITION OF THE
COUNTRY.
- When the economy grows, its growth is
experienced by the consumer.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUE
2. THE COMPETING BUSINESSES OR
COMPETITORS.
- This will give you benchmark on how much
products you need to stock your business in
order to cope up with the customer demand.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUE
3. CHANGES HAPPENING IN THE
COMMUNITY.
- Changes such as demographic, lifestyle,
and buying behavior gives the entrepreneur a
better perspective about the market.
 FACTORS IN FORECASTING
REVENUE
4. THE INTERNAL ASPECS OF
BUSINESS.
- Plant capacity often plays a very
important role in forecasting.
 COSTS AND EXPENSES

Cost of Good sold / Cost to sales – this

refers to the amount of merchandise or
goods sold by the business for a given
period of time.
 COSTS AND EXPENSES

Merchandise of inventory / beginning –

refers to goods and merchandise at the
beginning of operation of business or
accounting period.
 COSTS AND EXPENSES

Merchandise Inventory / end – refers to

goods and merchandise left at the end
of operation on accounting period.
 COSTS AND EXPENSES

Purchase – refers to
goods and merchandise
purchased.
 COSTS AND EXPENSES
Freight-in – refers to amount
paid to transport goods or
merchandise purchased form
the supplier.
OPERATING EXPENSE
Internet, utilities like electricity
and miscellaneous expense.