Family of Functions: A set of functions

whose graphs have basic characteristics in

common. For example, all linear functions form
a family because all of their graphs are the
same basic shape, which is a line.

Linear Parent Function: The most basic

function in a family. For linear functions, the
parent function is y = x or f(x) = x.

Transformation: A change in position or size

of a figure.
Parent Function: For all linear functions, the
parent function is f(x) = x. 11
10

f(x) = x
9
8
7

y = x
6
5

y =1x + 0
4
3
2

1 1

m =1 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
-1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

-2
-3

b =0 -4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
Transformation: The
graphs of all other
linear functions are
transformations of the
____________
graph of the parent
f(x) = x
function, ________.
Ex 1: Graph f(x) = x and g(x) = x – 5. Then describe the
transformation from the graph of f(x) to the graph of g(x).
f(x) = x 11
10

m =1 9
8
7

b = 0 6
5

g(x) = x - 5 4
3
2

m =1 1

-11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

b = -5
-1
-2
-3

The graph of g(x) is -4

the result of
-5
-6
translating the graph -7

of f(x), 5 units down. -8

-9
-10
-11
Ex 2: Graph f(x) = -3x and g(x) = -3x + 3. Then describe the
transformation from the graph of f(x) to the graph of g(x).
f(x) = -3x 11
10

m = -3 9
8
7

b = 0 6
5

g(x) = -3x + 3 4
3
2

m = -3 1

-11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

b =3
-1
-2
-3

The graph of g(x) is -4

the result of
-5
-6
translating the graph -7

of f(x), 3 units up. -8

-9
-10
-11
Ex 3: Graph f(x) = 2x + 2 and g(x) = 2x - 2. Then describe the
transformation from the graph of f(x) to the graph of g(x).
f(x) = 2x + 2 11
10

m =2 9
8
7

b = 2 6
5

g(x) = 2x - 2 4
3
2

m =2 1

-11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

b = -2
-1
-2
-3

The graph of g(x) is -4

the result of
-5
-6
translating the graph -7

of f(x), 4 units down. -8

-9
-10
-11
So in a linear function
f(x)=mx+b a
__________
translation will have the
slopes (m) but
same _________
different y-intercepts
___________.(b)
Parent Function: For all linear functions, the
parent function is f(x) = x. 11
10

f(x) = x
9
8
7

y = x
6
5

y =1x + 0
4
3
2

1 1

m =1 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0
-1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

-2
-3

b =0 -4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
Ex 1: Graph f(x) = x and g(x) = x – 5. Then describe the
transformation from the graph of f(x) to the graph of g(x).
f(x) = x 11

m = 1
10
9

1 8
7

b = 0 6
5

g(x) = x - 5 4
3

1 2

m = 1

1 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

b = -5
-1
-2
-3

The graph of g(x) is -4

the result of
-5
-6
translating the graph -7

of f(x), 5 units down. -8

-9
-10
-11
Ex 3: Graph f(x) = 2x + 2 and g(x) = 2x - 2. Then describe the
transformation from the graph of f(x) to the graph of g(x).
f(x) = 2x + 2 11

m =2
10
9

1 8
7

b = 2 6
5

g(x) = 2x - 2 4
3

2 2

m = 1

1 -11 -10 -9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

b = -2
-1
-2
-3

The graph of g(x) is -4

the result of
-5
-6
translating the graph -7

of f(x), 4 units down. -8

-9
-10
-11