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    Mutation Reporting W3

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    Marize Terrenal
    This document discusses mutations at the genetic level. It defines mutations as sudden heritable changes in genetic material that introduce variation. Mutations can occur through gene mutations, chromosome mutations like deletions, inversions, duplications, and translocations. While some mutations cause genetic disorders, mutations also benefit populations by increasing genetic variety, enabling evolutionary adaptation, driving speciation, and enhancing immune system diversity. Understanding mutations is important for studying genetics, disease, and evolution.

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    Mutation Reporting W3

    Uploaded by

    Marize Terrenal
    9 views17 pages
    This document discusses mutations at the genetic level. It defines mutations as sudden heritable changes in genetic material that introduce variation. Mutations can occur through gene mutations, chromosome mutations like deletions, inversions, duplications, and translocations. While some mutations cause genetic disorders, mutations also benefit populations by increasing genetic variety, enabling evolutionary adaptation, driving speciation, and enhancing immune system diversity. Understanding mutations is important for studying genetics, disease, and evolution.

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    MUTATION-REPORTING-W3

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    This document discusses mutations at the genetic level. It defines mutations as sudden heritable changes in genetic material that introduce variation. Mutations can occur through gene mutations, chromosome mutations like deletions, inversions, duplications, and translocations. While some mutations cause genetic disorders, mutations also benefit populations by increasing genetic variety, enabling evolutionary adaptation, driving speciation, and enhancing immune system diversity. Understanding mutations is important for studying genetics, disease, and evolution.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    9 views17 pages

    Mutation Reporting W3

    Uploaded by

    Marize Terrenal
    This document discusses mutations at the genetic level. It defines mutations as sudden heritable changes in genetic material that introduce variation. Mutations can occur through gene mutations, chromosome mutations like deletions, inversions, duplications, and translocations. While some mutations cause genetic disorders, mutations also benefit populations by increasing genetic variety, enabling evolutionary adaptation, driving speciation, and enhancing immune system diversity. Understanding mutations is important for studying genetics, disease, and evolution.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Mutation

    WEEK 3
    01
    OBJECTIVES
    01 UNDERSTANDING
    MUTATIONS
    Provide an overview of what mutations are
    and how they occur at the genetic level.

    02 DISCUSS THE ROLE


    IN EVOLUTION
    Understand how mutations contribute to the
    process of evolution by introducing genetic
    diversity within populations.
    introduction
    • Sudden heritable change in genetic material or
    character of an organism is known as mutation

    • Individuals showing these changes are known


    as mutants

    • An individual showing an altered phenotype


    due to mutation are knownvariant
    as

    • Factor or agents causing mutation are known


    as mutagens

    • Mutation which causes changes in base


    sequence of a gene are known as gene mutation
    or point mutation
    introduction
    Mutation is the alteration of a gene's structure,
    leading to variant forms that can be transmitted
    to future generations, ultimately introducing
    new variation into species.

    Mutations in approximately 1000 genes cause


    disease, affecting chromosome structure or
    nucleotide sequence. These mutations occur in
    germ cells or somatic cells, with germ cells
    capable of perpetuating through sexual
    reproduction.
    GENE
    - Is a change in one or more
    MUTATION
    genes. Some mutations can lead
    to genetic disorders or illnesses.
    CHROMOSOME
    MUTATION
    DELETION
    • Due to breakage
    • A piece of a chromosome is lost
    I N V E RT I O N
    • Chromosome segment breaks off
    • Segment flips around backwards
    • Segment reattaches
    D U P L I C AT I O
    N when a gene sequence is repeated
    • Occurs
    • Results in multiple
    copies of that region
    T R A N S L O C AT I O N
    • Involves two
    chromosomes that aren't
    homologous.
    • Part of one chromosome is
    transferred to another
    chromosom es.
    MUTATION BENEFITS
    1. GENETIC VARIETY
    New genetic variants are brought about
    by mutations, which encourage genetic
    variety within a population.

    2. EVOLUTIONARY
    ADAPTATION
    A characteristic that increases an
    organism's ability to survive in shifting
    environmental conditions can result from
    advantageous mutations.
    MUTATION BENEFITS
    3. SPECIATION
    Mutations play a key role in the process of
    speciation, where new species arise. Accumulation
    of genetic differences, often driven by mutations,
    can result in distinct populations that are
    reproductively isolated from each other.

    4. IMMUNE SYSTEM
    VARIATION
    Mutations in immune system genes
    enhance diversity of immune responses,
    enabling populations to resist a wider
    range of pathogens, crucial for species
    survival in evolving diseases.
    SUMMARY
    A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an
    organism, which can occur through various mechanisms
    such as DNA replication errors, exposure to mutagenic
    agents, or environmental factors. Mutations can lead to
    alterations in the phenotype of an organism, which can
    be beneficial, harmful,neutral and influencing human
    health and disease. They play a crucial role in genetic
    diversity, evolution, and the development of genetic
    disorders and cancers. Understanding mutations is
    essential for studying genetics, disease mechanisms, and
    evolutionary processes.
    THANK
    YOU!
    Any questions? Don't hesitate to
    ask for our help

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