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Introduction To Human-Computer Interaction Lesson 1, Topic 2

This document discusses the characteristics of human perception and interaction. It describes the various senses humans use for input and output such as vision, hearing, touch, and movement. Vision involves light reception through the eyes and signal processing in the brain, while hearing ranges involve pitch and loudness received through the ears. Touch provides feedback through skin receptors. Movement involves reaction times and physical response. Overall, it provides an overview of the biological factors that influence how humans perceive and interact with their environment.

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Hannah Alfaro
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8 views

Introduction To Human-Computer Interaction Lesson 1, Topic 2

This document discusses the characteristics of human perception and interaction. It describes the various senses humans use for input and output such as vision, hearing, touch, and movement. Vision involves light reception through the eyes and signal processing in the brain, while hearing ranges involve pitch and loudness received through the ears. Touch provides feedback through skin receptors. Movement involves reaction times and physical response. Overall, it provides an overview of the biological factors that influence how humans perceive and interact with their environment.

Uploaded by

Hannah Alfaro
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lesson 1

Fundamentals of Human Computer Interaction

Topic:

2. The Human
Characteristics
Human could be an individual user or a
group of users. Characterize by different features of
which some are unique that other living creatures
do not have:

Information i/o …
 visual, auditory, haptic, movement
Information stored in memory
 Sensory, short-term, long-term
Information processed and applied
 reasoning, problem solving, skill, error
Emotion influences human capabilities
 Each person is different
Vision
Human vision is a complex
process that is not yet completely
understood, despite hundreds of years of
study and research. The complex
physical process of visualizing
something involves the nearly
simultaneous interaction of the eyes and
the brain through a network of neurons,
receptors, and other specialized cells.
Two stages in vision
 physical reception of
stimulus
 processing and
interpretation of
stimulus
The Eye - physical reception
The human eye is an organ that reacts
to light and allows vision. Rod and cone cells
in the retina allow conscious light perception
and vision including color differentiation and
the perception of depth.
Interpreting Signal
 Size and depth
• The visual angle indicates how much a
view object occupies which relates to size
and distance from eye.
• Visual acuity is ability to perceive detail
but in a limited perception.
• Some familiar objects perceived a
constant size, in spite of changes in visual
angle when viewed from a longer
distance.
• Cues like overlapping help perception of
size and depth.
Interpreting Signal
 Brightness
• Eyes are subjective reaction to levels of light. It is
affected by luminance of object. Visual acuity
increases with luminance as does flicker.
• Sometimes brightness is measured by just
noticeable difference.
 Color
• It is made up of hue, intensity, and saturation.
• Cones are sensitive to color wavelengths.
• The blue acuity is lowest.
• According to study there are 8% of males and only
1% of females who are color blind.
Hearing
The human hearing range is a
description of the pitches and
loudness levels a person can
hear before feeling
discomfort.
Loudness and pitch

The human hearing range


depends on both the pitch of
the sound – whether it is high
or low – and the loudness of the
sound. Pitch is measured in
Hertz (Hz) and loudness is
measured in decibels (dB).
 Characteristics of Sound
 pitch – sound
frequency
 loudness –
amplitude
 timbre – type or
quality
 Physical apparatus:
 outer ear – protects inner and
amplifies sound
 middle ear – transmits
sound waves as vibrations to
inner ear
 inner ear – chemical
transmitters are released and
cause impulses in auditory nerve
 Touch
 Provides important feedback about environment.
 May be key sense for someone who is visually impaired.
 Stimulus received via receptors in the skin:
 thermoreceptors– heat and cold
 nociceptors – pain
 mechanoreceptors – pressure (some instant, some
continuous)
 Some areas more sensitive than others e.g. fingers.
 Kinesthesis - awareness of body position
 affects comfort and performance.
Movement
 Time taken to respond to stimulus: reaction time + movement
time
 Movement time dependent on age, fitness etc.
 Reaction time - dependent on stimulus type:
 visual
 auditory
 pain
 Increasing reaction time decreases accuracy in the unskilled
operator but not in the skilled operator.
Topic 2: The Human Characteristics

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