Lecture 3 ME Spring 24
Lecture 3 ME Spring 24
Section: A
Lecture 3
31 January 2024
Expression, Term, Factor, Product
3ab + 4a – 3
Elementary Factoring
abc – ab + abd
= ab (c – 1 + d)
(3x + 4)(2x - 1)
= 6x2 + 5x – 4
12x2+7x-10 = (3x-2)(4x+5).
Elementary Factoring
Exercise: Factor
1) 10x2 + 26x + 12
2) x2 – 9
3) y2 – 25x2
First, a + (-a) = 0
that is, the sum of any number and its
negative is zero.
Second, a + 0 = a – 0 = a
that is, a number is not affected by
adding 0 to it or by subtracting 0 from it.
Properties of the Numbers 0 and 1
Example:
Taxi fare from an airport to a nearby city is $1.25 per mile
driven, plus $0.75 for a bridge toll. Let y represent the fare
and x the number of miles driven on one trip, and write the
equation for y in terms of x.
Find the fare if the distance from the airport to the city is
22 miles.
Exercise:
Taxi fare from an airport to a nearby town is $0.80
per mile driven, plus $2 for tolls. Let y represent
the fare and x the miles driven on one trip. Write
the equation for y in terms of x. Find the fare
when the distance driven is 17 miles.
Summary:
Total Cost = Variable Cost + Fixed Cost
Example:
It costs $2,500 to set up the presses and machinery
needed to print and bind a paperback book. After setup,
its costs $2 per book printed and bound. Let x represent
the number of books made and y the total cost of making
this number of books.
a) Write the equation for y in terms of x.
b) State the slope of the line, and interpret this number.
c) State the y-intercept of the line, and interpret this
number.
Fixed Cost, Variable Cost, Average
Cost, Marginal Cost
Exercise:
An agency rents cars for one day and charges
$22 plus 20 cents per mile the car is driven.
a) Write the equation for the cost of one day’s
rental, y, in terms of x, the number of miles
driven.
b) Interpret the slope and the y-intercept.
c) What is the renter’s average cost per mile if a
car is driven 100 miles? 200 miles?
Fixed Cost, Variable Cost, Average
Cost, Marginal Cost
Ans:
a) y = 0.20x+ 22
b) The slope, 0.20 means that each
additional mile driven adds 20 cents to total
cost. The intercept, 22, is the fixed charge,
which would be incurred even if the renter
did not drive it out.
c) $0.42 per mile and $0.31 per mile.