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Brackets and Parentheses

Parentheses and brackets are punctuation marks that are used to add supplemental information to sentences. Parentheses are used to add extra information that is not essential to the meaning of the sentence. Brackets are used to add or clarify words in a quotation. The document provides examples of when to use parentheses and brackets, such as to add additional details, dates, or editorial changes within a quote. Punctuation rules for parentheses and brackets are also outlined.

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116 views29 pages

Brackets and Parentheses

Parentheses and brackets are punctuation marks that are used to add supplemental information to sentences. Parentheses are used to add extra information that is not essential to the meaning of the sentence. Brackets are used to add or clarify words in a quotation. The document provides examples of when to use parentheses and brackets, such as to add additional details, dates, or editorial changes within a quote. Punctuation rules for parentheses and brackets are also outlined.

Uploaded by

Javil Romel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Parentheses
and Brackets
Prepared by: Cleo Mariz F. Nedula
BSEd English-4B
Learning Objectives
At the end of the lesson, students should be
able to:

• identify the meaning of parentheses and brackets;


• distinguish the differences between parentheses
and brackets;
• use parentheses and brackets in the sentence
accurately.
Parentheses
Parentheses ( ) are used to add extra information in
text. The word parentheses comes from the Greek
word “parentithenai”, meaning “insertion” or “to
put beside.”
Parenthesis vs. Parentheses

o Parenthesis with an i is singular, referring


to one curved line: (.

o Parentheses with an e is plural, referring


to both curved lines: ( ).
When to use
parentheses?
Use parentheses when you want to…

• Add additional information to a sentence


Example: The dog ate all the food off the dinner
table (as no one cleared the plates off the table
when they were finished eating).

• Show the plural of a noun


Example: The bear(s) ate the camper’s food.
Use parentheses when you want to…
• Include an acronym in a sentence
Example: This summer my family visited the National
Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) in
Florida.

• Make a list using letters and numbers


Example: The students are learning the colors of the
rainbow: (1) red, (2) orange, (3) yellow...
Use parentheses when you want to…
• Include a date in a sentence or other referential
information
Examples:

Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) is my favorite poet.

Hamlet’s dilemma is “To be, or not to be” (Shakespeare


3.1.59).
Use parentheses when you want to…
• Include a date in a sentence or other referential
information
Examples:

Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) is my favorite poet.

Hamlet’s dilemma is “To be, or not to be” (Shakespeare


3.1.59).
Parenthesis in a sentence
Rule: If you remove the text in parentheses, the sentence
should still be complete and correct.

Example:
Mom wants (us home before 3 p.m.).

Mom wants us home (before 3 p.m.).


Punctuation and parentheses rules

o If the text in parentheses is a complete sentence and is


separate from surrounding sentences, the period goes
inside the parentheses.

Example:
Our daughter has light brown eyes. (My wife has
brown eyes, too.)
Punctuation and parentheses rules
o A phrase that could stand alone as a complete
sentence as a complete sentence can also be
contained inside another complete sentence.

Example:
Our daughter has light brown eyes (they are
round and soulful) and wavy hair.
Punctuation and parentheses rules
o If it’s not a complete sentence, the period goes outside the
parentheses.

Example:
Our daughter has light brown eyes (just like my wife).
Punctuation and parentheses rules

o Use commas after parentheses, not before.

Example:
My dog seemed sick (his nose was dry), so I took
him to the vet.
Brackets
Brackets [ ], shows that text has been added to a quotation. They’re
generally used by writers and editors to separate the original
wording from any additions.

Examples:

I read the novel [The Great Gatsby] in high school.

Lisa said, “[I] can’t believe that he [Brad Pitt] is here!”


When to use
brackets?
When to use brackets?

• Use brackets to add important words to quotes.

For example:
“The fire started here [in the kitchen] and
continued to the living room,” reported the
firefighter.
When to use brackets?

• Use brackets to add editorial changes.

For example:
“That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap
for mankind [emphasis ours].”- Neil Armstrong
When to use brackets?

• Use inside parentheses

For example:
“She referenced an old book of hers (The Big Book
[1976]) in her new book.”
When to use brackets?

• Use to show quoted errors

For example:
“Roberts stated, “Dolphins is [sic] beautiful
animals.”
When to use brackets?

• Use in translations

For example:
My father always used to say, “inché c'è vita, c'è
speranza[While there’s life, there’s hope].”
Summary
• Parentheses ( ) are used to add extra information in
text.

• Use parentheses when you want to add extra


information that’s not necessary but is still helpful.
Make sure that the sentence is still grammatically
correct if you remove the text in the parentheses.
Summary
• Brackets [ ] show that text has been added to a quotation.
They’re generally used by writers and editors to separate
the original wording from any additions.

• Use Brackets to add text that is missing from or helps


clarify the original quote. Brackets are mainly used to add
text to quotations, so if you’re adding text to something
that’s not a quotation, use parentheses instead.
Let's Try It!
Directions: Place parentheses ( ) as needed in the
following sentences.

1. They attended a benefit for a local charity Anna’s


Animals.
2. In the novel, Rahim says, “There is a way to be good
again” Hosseini 1998.
3. He was born in the year of the Ram 1997.
Answer Key
Directions: Place parentheses ( ) as needed in the
following sentences.

1. They attended a benefit for a local charity (Anna’s


Animals).
2. In the novel, Rahim says, “There is a way to be good
again” (Hosseini 1998).
3. He was born in the year of the Ram (1997).
Let's Try It!
Directions: Place brackets as needed in the
following sentences.

1. My sister exclaimed, “It the package is finally here!”

2. Jennifer wrote, “ My pupy sic is named Joe!”

3. We saw him Garry’s brother at the restaurant


yesterday.
Answer Key
Directions: Place brackets as needed in the
following sentences.

1. My sister exclaimed, “It [the package] is finally here!”

2. Jennifer wrote, “ My pupy [sic] is named Joe!”

3. We saw him [Garry’s brother] at the restaurant


yesterday.
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