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Functions Domain Range

This document defines and explains key concepts related to functions including: 1) A function is a relation where each input is paired with exactly one output. The domain is the set of input values and the range is the set of output values. 2) Functions can be represented verbally, numerically in a table, visually in a graph, or algebraically with an explicit formula. 3) To determine if a relation is a function, one checks if each input is paired with only one output. The vertical line test can also be used to check if a graph represents a function. 4) Functional notation uses f(x) to represent the output y as a function of the input x. This allows

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Charlotte Uhrin Hegyesy
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© © All Rights Reserved
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16 views

Functions Domain Range

This document defines and explains key concepts related to functions including: 1) A function is a relation where each input is paired with exactly one output. The domain is the set of input values and the range is the set of output values. 2) Functions can be represented verbally, numerically in a table, visually in a graph, or algebraically with an explicit formula. 3) To determine if a relation is a function, one checks if each input is paired with only one output. The vertical line test can also be used to check if a graph represents a function. 4) Functional notation uses f(x) to represent the output y as a function of the input x. This allows

Uploaded by

Charlotte Uhrin Hegyesy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Functions

Domain and Range


Function -A type of relation where there is exactly one
output for every input. For every x there is exactly one
y.

x y x y
1 6 1 6
2 7 2 7
Not a Function
Function
Definition of a Function
• A function is a relationship between two variables such
that each value of the first variable is paired with exactly
one value of the second variable.

• The domain is the set of permitted x values.

• The range is the set of found values of y. These will be


called images.
Representations of Functions
• Verbally
• Numerically, i.e. by a table
• Visually, i.e. by a graph
• Algebraically, i.e. by an explicit formula
Is it a Function?

• For each x, there is only


one value of y. Domain, x Range, y
1 -3.6
• Therefore, it IS a
function.
2 -3.6
3 4.2
4 4.2
5 10.7
6 12.1
52 52
Is it a function?

• Three different y-values


(7, 8, and 10) are paired Domain, x Range, y
with one x-value.
3 7
• Therefore, it is NOT a 3 8
function 3 10
4 42
10 34
11 18
52 52
Function?

• Is it a function? Name the domain and range.

{(3, -5), (4, -8), (5, 6), (7, 10), (8, 2)}

YES. For every x-value, there is only one value of y.


• Domain: (3, 4, 5, 7, 8)
• Range: (-5, -8, 6, 10, 2)
• Is it a function? State the domain and range.

{(5, 8), (6, 7), (3, -1), (4, 2), (5, 9), (12, -2)

No. The x-value of 5 is paired with two different y-values.


• Domain: (5, 6, 3, 4, 12)
• Range: (8, 7, -1, 2, 9, -2)
• Is it a function? Name the domain and range.
{(-2, 3), (4, 6), (3, 1), (7, 6), (9, -3), (2, 8)}

Yes. For every x-value, there is only one value of y.


Domain: (-2, 4, 3, 7, 9, 2)
Range: (3, 6, 1, -3, 8)
Vertical Line Test
• Used to determine if a graph is a function.
• If a vertical line intersects the graph at more than one
point, then the graph is NOT a function.
NOT a function
IS a function
You Try….
Is it a function? Give the domain and range.

FUNCTION
Range:
Give the Domain and Range.

Domain : x  1 Domain : 2  x  2
Range : y  2 Range : 0  y  3
Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function

y y y y

x x x x
Vertical Line Test - Functions
y y y y

x x x x

Function Function Not a Function


Function
y y y y

x x x x

Not a Function Not a Not a


Function Function Function
Tell whether the relation below is a function.

1) input output 3) y
0
1 x
Not a
5 Function
2 Function
3
2) x y 4) input output
-2 3
-3 -1
-3 0 4
Not a -1 Not a
-3 1 Function 5
0 Function
-3 2 6
Functional Notation

• We have seen an equation written in the form y = some


expression in x.

• Another way of writing this is to use functional notation.

• For Example, you could write y = x²


as f(x) = x².
Function Notation

y  2x  3 f (x)  2x  3

when x  1, y 5 f (1)  5
when x  2, y 7 f (2)  7
when x  3, y  9 f (3)  9
when x  4, y 11f (4) 11
f ( 4) 5
IDENTIFY THE DOMAIN AND RANGE OF A
FUNCTION FROM ITS GRAPH
Increasing, Decreasing and Constant
Functions

A function is increasing on a open


interval I ,
if for any x1 and x2 in the interval x1<x2
then
f (x1) < f(x2)
A function is decreasing on an open interval I,
if for any x1 and x2 in the interval is x1 > x2
then f(x1) f (x2)
A function is constant on an open interval, I,
f(x1) = f (x2) for any x1 and x2 in the interval.
Definition of Even and Odd Functions

The function f is an even function if, for every number x in


its domain, the number –x is also in the domain and
f (-x)= f (x)

The function f is an odd function for every number x in its


domain, the number –x is also in the domain
if f (-x) = -f (x)
Theorem

A function is even if and only if its graph is symmetric with


respect to the y-axis.

A function is odd if and only if its graph is symmetric with


respect to the origin.
Boundesness of the function

A function is bounded below if there is minimum.


Any such

A function is bounded above if there is maximum.


Any such
A function f(x) is one-to-one
if x1 is not equal to x2 then f(x1) is not equal to f(x2)

A graph of a function can also be used to determine whether a


function is one-to-one using the horizontal line test:
If each horizontal line crosses the graph of a function at no
more than one point, then the function is one-to-one.

Consider the graphs of the following two functions:

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