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Lesson 9

The document discusses the principles of equilibrium of rigid bodies. It states that supports prevent translation with forces and prevent rotation with couple moments. It provides examples of determining support reactions on beams and members by drawing free body diagrams and using the equations of equilibrium. It also discusses two-force members, three-force members, and equilibrium in three dimensions.

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Angelica Rae Molina
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
21 views

Lesson 9

The document discusses the principles of equilibrium of rigid bodies. It states that supports prevent translation with forces and prevent rotation with couple moments. It provides examples of determining support reactions on beams and members by drawing free body diagrams and using the equations of equilibrium. It also discusses two-force members, three-force members, and equilibrium in three dimensions.

Uploaded by

Angelica Rae Molina
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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EQUILIBRIUM OF A

RIGID BODY
Support Reactions
As a general rule,
• A support prevents the translation of a body in a given direction by exerting a
force on the body in the opposite direction.
• A support prevents the rotation of a body in a given direction by exerting a
couple moment on the body in the opposite direction.
IMPORTANT POINTS

• No equilibrium problem should be solved without first drawing the free-body diagram, so as to account
for all the forces and couple moments that act on the body.
• If a support prevents translation of a body in a particular direction, then the support, when it is
removed, exerts a force on the body in that direction.
• If rotation is prevented, then the support, when it is removed, exerts a couple moment on the body.
• Internal forces are never shown on the free-body diagram since they occur in equal but opposite
collinear pairs and therefore cancel out.
• The weight of a body is an external force, and its effect is represented by a single resultant force acting
through the body’s center of gravity G.
• Couple moments can be placed anywhere on the free-body diagram since they are free vectors. Forces
can act at any point along their lines of action since they are sliding vectors.
EQUATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM
EXAMPLE 1

Determine the
horizontal and vertical
components of
reaction on the beam
caused by the pin at B
and the rocker at A as
shown. Neglect the
weight of the beam.
EXAMPLE 2

The cord shown supports a


force of 100lb and wraps
over the frictionless pulley.
Determine the tension in
the cord at C and the
horizontal and vertical
components of reaction at
pin A.
EXAMPLE 3

The member shown is pin


connected at A and rests
against a smooth support at
B. Determine the horizontal
and vertical components of
reaction at the pin A.
EXAMPLE 4

The box wrench is used to


tighten the bolt at A. If the
wrench does not turn when
the load is applied to the
handle, determine the
torque or moment applied to
the bolt and the force of the
wrench on the bolt
EXAMPLE 5

Determine the
horizontal and vertical
components of reaction
on the member at the
pin A, and the normal
reaction at the roller B.
PRACTICE PROBLEM 1

The uniform smooth rod shown


in is subjected to a force and
couple moment. If the rod is
supported at A by a smooth wall
and at B and C either at the top
or bottom by rollers, determine
the reactions at these supports.
Neglect the weight of the rod.
PRACTICE PROBLEM 2

The uniform truck ramp


shown has a weight of 400
lb and is pinned to the body
of the truck at each side and
held in the position shown
by the two side cables.
Determine the tension in
the cables. FBD is also given.
PRACTICE PROBLEM 3

Determine the support reactions


on the member. The collar at A is
fixed to the member and can
slide vertically along the vertical
shaft.
TWO AND THREE-FORCE MEMBERS

Two-Force Members
As the name implies, a two-force member has forces applied at only two points on the
member.
Three-Force Members
If a member is subjected to only three forces, it is called a three-force member.
Moment equilibrium can be satisfied only if the three forces form a concurrent
or parallel force system.
EXAMPLE 6

The lever ABC is pin supported at


A and connected to a short link
BD as shown. If the weight of the
members is negligible,
determine the force of the pin
on the lever at A.
EQUILIBRIUM IN THREE DIMENSIONS

As in the two-dimensional case:


• A force is developed by a support that restricts the translation of its attached
member.
• A couple moment is developed when rotation of the attached member is
prevented.
FBD THREE DIMENSIONAL
EQUATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM
CONSTRAINTS AND STATICALLY
DETERMINACY

To ensure the equilibrium of a rigid body, it is not only necessary to satisfy the
equations of equilibrium, but the body must also be properly held or
constrained by its supports. Some bodies may have more supports than are
necessary for equilibrium, whereas others may not have enough or the supports
may be arranged in a particular manner that could cause the body to move.
Redundant Constraints
When a body has redundant supports,
that is, more supports than are
necessary to hold it in equilibrium, it
becomes statically indeterminate.
Statically indeterminate means that
there will be more unknown loadings
on the body than equations of
equilibrium available for their solution.
Improper Constraints
Having the same number of
unknown reactive forces as
available equations of
equilibrium does not always
guarantee that a body will
be stable when subjected to
a particular loading.
IMPORTANT POINTS
• Always draw the free-body diagram first when solving any equilibrium problem.
• If a support prevents translation of a body in a specific direction, then the support exerts a
force on the body in that direction.
• If a support prevents rotation about an axis, then the support exerts a couple moment on
the body about the axis.
• If a body is subjected to more unknown reactions than available equations of equilibrium,
then the problem is statically indeterminate.
• A stable body requires that the lines of action of the reactive forces do not intersect a
common axis and are not parallel to one another.

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