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Representation of Numbers

This document discusses data representation in computers and different number systems used to represent numeric and character data internally. It explains that computers use a fixed number of bits to represent data like numbers, characters, images, sound, and video. The binary and decimal number systems are described as techniques to represent numbers in computer systems. The binary system uses only two digits, 0 and 1, while decimal uses ten digits, 0-9. Examples are provided of converting numbers between binary and decimal number systems.

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Xeyl Narvaza
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8 views15 pages

Representation of Numbers

This document discusses data representation in computers and different number systems used to represent numeric and character data internally. It explains that computers use a fixed number of bits to represent data like numbers, characters, images, sound, and video. The binary and decimal number systems are described as techniques to represent numbers in computer systems. The binary system uses only two digits, 0 and 1, while decimal uses ten digits, 0-9. Examples are provided of converting numbers between binary and decimal number systems.

Uploaded by

Xeyl Narvaza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

Machine Representation of

Numbers and Characters


What is Data Representation in Computer?
• A computer uses a fixed number of bits to represent a piece
of data which could be a number, a character, image, sound,
video, etc.

• Data representation is the method used internally to


represent data in a computer.

• Computers manipulate representations of things!

Page 2
Number Systems
• Number systems are the technique to represent numbers in the
computer system architecture, every value that you are saving or
getting into/from computer memory has a defined number system

• A number is a mathematical object used to count, label, and


measure.

• A number system is a systematic way to represent numbers.

21 November 2022
Page 3
Binary Number System
• A Binary number system has only two digits that are 0 and 1.
Every number (value) represents 0 and 1 in this number
system. The base of the binary number system is 2 because it
has only two digits.
• A binary digit is called a bit.

BASE 2

• 1011010 = 1x 2 6 + 0x25 + 1x24 + 1x23 + 0x22 + 1x2 + 0x1 = 64 +


16 + 8 + 2 = 90

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Binary Number Table
DECIMAL BINARY DECIMAL BINARY
1 001 11 1011
2 010 12 1100
3 011 13 1101
4 100 14 1110
5 101 15 1111
6 110 16 10000
7 111 17 10001
8 1000 18 10010
9 1001 19 10011
10 1010 20 10100

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Binary to Decimal
• Converting a number in a binary number system (base-2) to a
number in a decimal number system is known as binary to
decimal conversion (base-10)

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Example
1. (10011)2

(10011)2 = (1 × 24) + (0 × 23) + (0 × 22) + (1 × 21) + (1 × 20)


= 16 + 0 + 0 + 2 + 1 = (19)
(10011)2 = 1910

21 November 2022
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2. (1101)2
Example
2. (1101)2

(1101)2 = (1 × 23) + (1 × 22) + (0 × 21) + (1 × 20)


= 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 = (13)
(1101)2 = 1310

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Activity: Binary Number
system
1. Convert 11110 into a decimal number system
2

2. Convert the binary number 11101102 into a decimal number system


3. Convert the binary number 01010012 into a decimal system.

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Decimal Number
• Decimal number system has ten symbols: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7,
8, and 9, called digits. Every number (value) represents with
0,1,2,3,4,5,6, 7,8 and 9 in this number system. The base of
decimal number system is 10, because it has only 10 digits.

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Example
1. Convert 17410 to binary

174 ÷ 2 87 0 (LSB)
87 ÷ 2 43 1

Bottom to Top
43 ÷ 2 21 1
Answer:
21 ÷ 2 10 1
10 ÷ 2 5 0 101011102
5÷ 2 2 1
2÷ 2 1 0
1÷ 2 0 1 (MSB)

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2. Convert 156 to binary
Example
2. Convert 156 to binary

156 ÷ 2 78 0 (LSB)
78 ÷ 2 39 0

Bottom to Top
39 ÷ 2 19 1
Answer:
19 ÷ 2 9 1
9 ÷ 2 4 1 100111002
4 ÷ 2 2 0
2 ÷ 2 1 0
1 ÷ 2 0 1 (MSB)

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Activity: Decimal Number system
1. Convert 5710 to binary
2. In a decimal to binary conversion, the base of the number
changes from 2 to 10. True or False?
3. Convert 29410 to binary

21 November 2022
Page 15

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