CONCEPT OF COMMUNICATION

Purposive communication
 Communication can be defined as the process of exchanging
information, ideas, feelings, and understanding between the
sender and receiver. It is the process if conveying meanings
COMMUNICATION between two persons. It is a systematic process of conveying,
listening and understanding something between two or more
persons.

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 •"Communication is information that flows and transfers meaning
and understanding from an information source, which is the sender,
to an information receiver." - Robert Albanese
•"It is a process of passing information and understanding from one
OTHER MEANING OF person to another person." - Keith Davis
COMMUNICATION •"It's a process of meaningful interaction among human beings. It is
the process by which meanings are received and understandings are
reached among human beings." - McFarland
•"Communication is the exchanging of facts, ideas, opinions or
emotions by two or more persons." - Newman and Summer
•"It involves the transfer and understanding of meanings." - Robbins
and Culter
"Communication is the interaction between persons which includes
the exchange of information, ideas, emotions, and understanding
between person." - Qureshi

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 CHARACTERISTIC OF COMMUNICATION

• Social process
• Process of interaction
• Two-way process between the sender and the receiver
• Involves at least two persons
• Dynamic
• Should be properly planned to reach target audience
• Aims to exact desired response
• May be oral, written, or gestural
• Should be performed by all managers and employees
• Expressed through words, data, etc

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GOALS AND OBJECTIVE OF COMMUNICATION-JOHN G. CLOVER

• To keep employees well-informed

• Provide proper orders and instructions in relation with their duties and
responsibilities
• Gather information for better decision making
• Make employee enjoy/interested in his/her job
• Express interest and satisfaction in it's personnel
• Reduce fast turn-over
• Motivate employees with the benefits
• Instill every employee with pride and joy
 How often have you come across the quote, ’communication is key?’ It’s
something we do every day of our lives, whether it be the spoken word,
written correspondence or through body language. But why is it so
important? Well first, let’s understand what communication is. In simple
terms, it’s the act of transferring information from one person to another.

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• However, it’s important to understand that communication is only effective if the receiver understands
the message, Maybe we should add to that quote that communication is only effective if the receiver
understands the message as it is intended.
• Communication is all around us, from the moment we wake and switch on the radio, read the newspaper,
pass the advertising boards on the way to work and listen to the train announcements. During our
working day, communication enables tasks to be completed diligently and ultimately makes us, and the
company, more professional. In business, communication skills are highly valued. Leaders with
ineffective communication skills can often be the root cause of productivity-related issues.
• In our daily life, communication helps us build relationships by allowing us to share our experiences, and
needs, and helps us connect to others. It’s the essence of life, allowing us to express feelings, pass on
information and share thoughts. We all need to communicate.
 THE VERBAL AND NON-VERBAL
THE VERBAL COMMUNICATION
COMMUNICATION

“Man is by nature a social animal,” the famous Greek Verbal communication means effectively presenting your

philosopher Aristotle wrote more than 2,000 years ago. thoughts in verbal format i.e., by talking.

Verbal communication skills are essential in the world of

And communication lies at the heart of all social business. Be it a weekly meeting or presentation to
relationships. stakeholders, the importance of verbal communication is
unparalleled.
From the time you enter this world, you start
communicating. Your first cry is your first attempt at People always remember a person who speaks clearly,
verbal communication. And as you start growing, you effectively, confidently, and charismatically.

find newer ways of communication. You learn to form

words and sentences to communicate.
 CHARACTERISTIC OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION
Before we explore the various defining features of verbal communication, let’s look at its primary form. Verbal
communication is oral in nature.

Oral communication encompasses various activities such as talking, laughing or listening. We often navigate different
emotional situations through oral forms of communication.

We also have written communication that includes script, alphabets, acronyms, logos and graphics. To interpret written
messages, everyone involved must understand the code (e.g., the language). This is different from verbal or spoken
communication.

There Are Several Characteristics That Are Specific To Verbal Communication, Namely:

•The Message Being Communicated Is Directly Or Indirectly Related To An Object

•We Use Concepts To Communicate Messages
•The Content Should Be Understood By Both The Sender And Receiver
•Cultural Factors Influence The Content Of Messages
•While Communicating Emotions And Feelings, A Sender’s State Of Mind Influences The Content Of Messages
 KINDS OF VERBAL
COMMUNICATION
Types Of Verbal Communication
Verbal communication goes beyond words, sounds and languages. You need to know your audience to talk to
them better. You can classify verbal communication into four types based on your audience.
1.Intrapersonal Communication
This is your private verbal communication channel. You talk to yourself and articulate your thoughts.
Communicating with yourself will give you more confidence and clarity in your thoughts. It’ll help you make up
your mind, form your sentences, find suitable words and effective ways to connect with other people. This will
help you gain your colleagues’ trust in the workplace.
2.Interpersonal Communication
You can also call this one-to-one verbal communication. This type of communication happens between two
individuals.
3. Small Group Communication
The number of people increases in small group communication. You move from communicating with a single
participant to a few more.
4.Public Communication
You may also know this type as ‘public speaking’. Here, an individual addresses a large number of people at
once. Speeches, election campaigns and presentations are a few examples of public communication.
ELEMENTS OF VERBAL COMMUNICATION

1.Tone
When you express yourself your tone determines the message to be interpreted. For example,
you can be saying something nice but if your tone is a sarcastic tone, the message will be
conveyed differently. Your tone makes a huge difference to your speech.
2.Speed
The pace at which you speak is important as it determines the reaction of your audience. You
may have attended lectures or webinars where people speaking slowly and softly can get
boring. Similarly, it may be difficult to understand someone speaking at a rapid pace.
3.Volume
Volume ranges from a whisper to a scream. The volume at which you talk can convey various
meanings. For example, if you whisper into someone’s ears in the presence of multiple
people, it can be misconstrued as something negative. On the other hand, screaming while
someone is talking is rude. Always monitor your volume depending on the social context
you’re in.
 NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

Nonverbal communication is "the act of conveying information without the use of

words. "This might involve using certain facial expressions or hand gestures to
make a specific point, or it could involve the use (or non-use) of eye contact,
physical proximity, and other nonverbal cues to get a message across.
 9 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

1. Facial expressions are responsible for a huge proportion of nonverbal communication.

Consider how much information can be conveyed with a smile or a frown. The look on a
person's face is often the first thing we see, even before we hear what they have to say.
While nonverbal communication and behavior can vary dramatically between cultures, the
facial expressions for happiness, sadness, anger, and fear are similar throughout the world.
2. Gestures
Deliberate movements and signals are an important way to communicate meaning without
words.
Common gestures include waving, pointing, and giving a "thumbs up" sign. Other gestures are
arbitrary and related to culture.
 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

3. Paralinguistics
refers to vocal communication that is separate from actual language. This form of
nonverbal communication includes factors such as tone of voice, loudness,
inflection, and pitch.

4. Body Language and Posture

Posture and movement can also provide a great deal of information. Research on
body language has grown significantly since the 1970s, with popular media
focusing on the over-interpretation of defensive postures such as arm-crossing
and leg-crossing, especially after the publication of Julius Fast's book Body
Language.
 TYPES OF NON-VERBAL
COMMUNICATION

5. Proxemics
People often refer to their need for "personal space." This is known as proxemics and is another
important type of nonverbal communication.

6. Eye Gaze
The eyes play a role in nonverbal communication, with such things as looking, staring, and
blinking being important cues. For example, when you encounter people or things that you like,
your rate of blinking increases and your pupils dilate.

7. Haptics
Communicating through touch is another important nonverbal communication behavior. Touch
can be used to communicate affection, familiarity, sympathy, and other emotions.