OBJECTIVES

At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

a. Identify what are the 3 main parts of Academic Writing

b. Explain the types of Academic Writing and Documentary Essay
c. Enumerate the Factors of Academic Writing
d. Create and clearly explain well-thought-out ideas or opinions.
 Academic Writing

 Academic writing is clear, concise, focused, structured and backed up by

evidence.
 It is the process of writing analytically - the breaking down of ideas with the
purpose of presenting information that depicts a clear understanding of a
certain subject.
 Academic writing is the process of presenting ideas in a rational, organized,
systematic, reasonable, and logical way.
List of Documents where Academic Writing is
used;
 Books reviews
 Essays
 Research Report
 Research Proposal
 Scientific Paper
 Academic Journal
 Dissertation and Thesis
 Abstract
 There are three main parts of Academic
Writing
 Introduction – includes background information and a thesis
statement.
 Body - has all the main ideas and evidence that support your
thesis statement.
 Conclusion - summarizes what was proven shows the
significance of it.
Types of Academic Writing

 Descriptive Writing
 Analytical Writing
 Argumentative/Persuasive Writing
 Critical Writing
 Descriptive Writing
 Descriptive writing is a literary device in which the author
uses details to paint a picture with their words. This process
will provide readers with descriptions of people, places,
objects, and events through the use of suitable details. The
author will also use descriptive writing to create sensory
detail as a means of enhancing the reading experience. If
done effectively, the reader will be able draw a connection
through the use of sensory details that include seeing,
hearing, smelling, touching, and tasting
 Analytical Writing
 Analytical Writing is often called for at university level. It involves reviewing what
you've read in light of other evidence .
 Analytical Writing shows that thought processes you went through to arrive at a given
conclusion and discusses the implications of this. Analytical writing usually follow a
brief description and focuses in answering questions like: why? how? and so what?.
 Types of Analytical writing? Essay
 Cause and Effect : one way of analyzing something is to discuss the cause of
something, and it's effect on other thing.
Analytical Writing

 Comparison and Contrast: Another way of analyzing

something is to compare and contrast things among
themselves .
 Classification: classification is yet other method of
analyzing things, to learn of their nature.
 Process: process also type of analysis writing.
 Definition: Defining things is also a way of analyzing
things the nature of things.
 Argumentative/Persuasive Writing

 Argumentative Writing is designed to involve research, evidence, and

the presentation of the research and evidence, while a persuasive essay is
designed to involves arguments toward a single subject and viewpoint,
with the goal of persuading the reader to agree. Persuasive writing is
used to convince or persuade a reader that the writer’s opinion of a topic
or cause is correct. When writing persuasive essays student need to be
strong cohesive closing arguments. Adverts and newspaper columns are
good persuasive writing examples.
 Critical Writing
 Critical writing is writing analyses and evaluates information,
usually from multiple sources, in order to develop an argument.
 1- It involves making a judgment and developing an argument.
 2- The judgment/argument is based on evidence.
 3- The evidence should be appropriate and well considered.
 4- It takes account of the context within which the ideas are
explored.
 5- Critical thinking implies that knowledge is not right or wrong or
simply a given of facts.
Characteristics of Academic Writing

 Planning
 Outline
 Point of View
 Formal Tone
 Language
 Approach
 Planning
There is a certain amount of planning before you start writing
the paper (analytical and organized).

Outline
A proper outline is a must for academic writing. Help you
formulate your thoughts, make you aware of certain
relationships between topics. It will help you determine the
pertinent information to be included in your paper.
 Language
The language in your paper needs to be clear and words need to be chosen for their
precision. A thesaurus is a good tool to help you pick just the right words to explain
the issues.

Point of view
The point of view in the third person, as the focus of academic writing is to educate
on the facts, not support opinion.

Formal Tone
A formal tone is used. You do not use slang words, jargons, abbreviations, or many
cliches
 Approach
 Deductive Reasoning is a big part of Academic Writing as
your readers have to follow the path that brought you to
your conclusion.
 Deductive Reasoning and analytical approach are important
in Academic Writing. Much planning and forethought are
needed to have a well organized paper.
 Features of Academic Writing
 Formally – Academic writing uses more formal language than everyday
writing. It tends to use longer words and more complex sentences, while
avoiding contractions and colloquial or informal words or impression.
 Objectivity - In academic writing emphasis is placed on the arguments
and information, rather than the writer. It tends to use nouns/noun
phrases more than verbs/adverbs, as well as passive structures.
 Precise - academic writing should use clear and precise language to
ensure the reader understands the meaning.
 Balance - Academic writing should give consideration to all sides of the
issue and avoid bias. It is important for the academic writer to show
how strong their claims are.
 Evidence – Opinions and arguments should be supported by
evidence. This may include information from the experts in the
field, for which paraphrasing, summarizing and referencing skills
will be important.
 Structured – academic writing should have a clear structure,
which often derives from the genre e.g. Introduction, method
result and discussion for a report; introduction (with thesis), body
paragraphs (with topic sentence ) and conclusion for an essay.
Careful planning is essential.
 Factors of Academic Writing
 Audience - Considering your audience is something you should do
before writing your paper.
 Purpose – why are you writing?
 Organization - is a matter of priorities and structure.
 Style - You have to make sure that your writing is based on an
appropriate style. Style should be consistent and suitable both in terms
of audience and the message.
 Flow - Another important factor is flow. It means moving from one
statement in a text to another. It is obvious that by keeping the flow
and making clear connection of ideas and concepts you will helps your
audience to follow the text.
 Presentation - checking errors.
 Importance of Academic Writing
 Allows a student to convey their understanding
 It enhances critical thinking and objectivity
 Enhancing research skills
 The student has to develop an interest
 The student boost their skill
 Documentary Essay

 Documentary essays are a way to tell true stories in a creative way.

They mix facts with personal thoughts. This report explains what they
are and why they matter.
 A documentary essay blends traditional essay writing with
documentary features, incorporating real-life examples, interviews, and
firsthand accounts. It explores a specific topic, often addressing social,
historical, or cultural issues, aiming to provide a comprehensive and
engaging narrative supported by evidence and analysis.
 What Makes a Documentary Essay?
 Real Stories - Documentary essays talk about real things that happen
in the world.
 Personal Thoughts - They also include what the person making the
essay thinks about the topic.
 Creative Touch - These essays can be creative, like telling a story or
using cool pictures.
 Different Forms - They can be written, videos, or even something
online. It depends on what works best for the topic.
 How to write Documentary Essay
 Step 1 Give details of the documentary
 Step 2 Explain the purpose of the documentary
 Step 3 State your prior knowledge of the subject
 Step 4 Summaries the documentary
 Step 5 Talk about the sound effects, camera work, interviews and
special effects
 Step 6 Give personal comments and recommendation
 Importance of Documentary Essay
 Documentary essays serve as powerful tools for education,
advocacy, preservation, empathy-building, and inspiration. They
contribute to the richness of cultural expression, encourage critical
thinking, and have the potential to drive positive change in society
by informing and engaging audiences on a wide range of subjects.
 Documentaries offer an engaging way to present otherwise static
information in an interesting and easy-to-understand format.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING!