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Power Conservator

This document proposes a circuit to automatically turn off lights during the day in Nigeria to reduce power grid overload. It describes a light sensor circuit using an LDR, transistor, resistors, LED and voltage source. When the LDR senses daylight, the circuit will turn off the LED, simulating turning off lights. The components are listed and the circuit diagram and construction procedure are provided. With improvements, this circuit could control household lighting from the national power grid.

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Aneke Chimezie
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
33 views7 pages

Power Conservator

This document proposes a circuit to automatically turn off lights during the day in Nigeria to reduce power grid overload. It describes a light sensor circuit using an LDR, transistor, resistors, LED and voltage source. When the LDR senses daylight, the circuit will turn off the LED, simulating turning off lights. The components are listed and the circuit diagram and construction procedure are provided. With improvements, this circuit could control household lighting from the national power grid.

Uploaded by

Aneke Chimezie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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POWER CONSERVATOR

SUBTITLE
ABSTRACT
POWER SUPPLY CONSISTENCY HAS ALWAYS BEEN A BIG PROBLEM IN NIGERIA DUE
TO POWER GRID OVERLOAD. A LOT OF PEOPLE FORGET TO TURN OFF THEIR LIGHT
BULB IN THEIR VARIOUS HOMES WHEN DAY BREAKS AND THIS CAUSES A LOT OF
LOAD ON THE COUNTRIES POWER SUPPLY.
ITS POSSIBLE TO DESIGN A CIRCUIT THAT WOULD AUTOMATICALLY TURN OFF THE
LIGHTS IN ALL HOMES ONCE ITS MORNING TO HELP SAVE THE COUNTRIES POWER.
WE’LL CONSTRUCT A LIGHT SENSOR CIRCUIT TO ALLOW AN LED TO TURN OFF
AUTOMATICALLY WHEN IT SENSES LIGHT.
COMPONENTS
• FOR THIS EXPERIMENT, WE USED
THE FOLLOWING COMPONENTS.
VALUES USED ARE IN BRACKETS

• NPN TRANSISTOR [2N2222A]


• (2) RESISTORS [R1 = 102Ω, R2 =
5.1KΩ]
• LED BULB [WHITE]
• LDR (PHOTOSENSOR)
• VOLTAGE SOURCE [12V]
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
CONCLUSION
ITS POSSIBLE TO DESIGN A CIRCUIT THAT WOULD AUTOMATICALLY TURN OFF THE
LIGHTS ONCE ITS DAY LIGHT AND TURN THEM ON ONCE ITS NIGHT TIME USING
THE DIAGRAM AND COMPONENTS LISTED.
PROCEDURE
PLACE THE COMPONENTS IN THE HOLES ON THE BREAD BOARD. START WITH THE
TRANSISTOR PLACEMENT IN THE MIDDLE OF THE BOARD. THE RESISTOR IS
CONNECTED FROM THE MIDDLE OF THE TRANSISTOR TO THE POSITIVE SIDE OF
THE BREADBOARD THE LED IS CONNECTED FROM THE THIRD LEG OF THE
TRANSISTOR TO THE FIRST LEG OF THE SECOND RESISTOR. THE LDR IS
CONNECTED FROM THE SECOND LEG OF THE TRANSISTOR TO THE NEGATIVE END
OF THE BREAD BOARD.
EVALUATION
THE CIRCUIT PROTOTYPE WORKED WITH A 12 VOLT BATTERY, THIS CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM CAN BE IMPROVED TO SUPPORT A LARGER POWER SOURCE LIKE 220
VOLTS WHICH IS USED IN OUR NATIONAL GRID TO CONTROL LIGHTING POINTS AT
HOME.

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