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WEEK 2 MATH 12 Integration by Substitution

This document discusses the method of integration by substitution. It begins by explaining that this method is used for integrals containing both a function and its derivative. It then provides examples of substituting trigonometric, logarithmic, and other functions into integrals and evaluating them. Key steps include making a substitution for the function in terms of a new variable, finding the differential of the substitution, and integrating the resulting expression.

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Ariel Santiago
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30 views24 pages

WEEK 2 MATH 12 Integration by Substitution

This document discusses the method of integration by substitution. It begins by explaining that this method is used for integrals containing both a function and its derivative. It then provides examples of substituting trigonometric, logarithmic, and other functions into integrals and evaluating them. Key steps include making a substitution for the function in terms of a new variable, finding the differential of the substitution, and integrating the resulting expression.

Uploaded by

Ariel Santiago
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Integration by Substitution

Integration by substitution
 The method of substitution is widely used with a variety
of integrals, but all
 such integrals have one thing in common: Within the
integrand appear both a function and (some multiple of)
its derivative.

 Consider the following



 Let u = ; du = 2dx ; dx =
Examples

 Example 1:
 Evaluate dx
 Let u = 3x + 4 du = 3 dx
 dx = = du
 dx = ( du ) = du
 = ( )+C = +C
 = ( + C
 dx
 Let u =
 du = 5
 =
 dx =

 = du = ) + C = + C
 = ( + C
 =
 u = ; du = 3dx ; dx =
 = du
 = +c = +C
 = ( +C
dx

 Pause the video and try to answer the given function.


 dx = dx
 u = 4x - 9 du= 4 dx dx =
 dx = = ) + C
 =

 =
 dx
 Let u = 5x du = 5 dx dx =
 dx = +C
 =
 dy
 Let u =
 du = - 3dy
 dy = = -
 dy = (- )
 = du = - + C
= - + C

 ( ) + C =- ) + C
 = - ( + C
2 𝑥
𝑒 𝑑𝑥
∫ 4 −3 𝑒
2 𝑥

 Let u = 4 - ; du = - 6dx
 dx = -
 = (- ) = -
 = - ln u + C
 = - ln |4 - | + C
Logarithmic Integration
 1. =
 Let u = 4y -3 ; du = 4dy
 dy = du/4
 = =
 = ln u + C
 = ln | 4y – 3 | + C
 2.
 Let u = ; du = 8 v dv
 vdv =
= =
= ln u + C
= ln | | + C
 4.
 Let u = ; du = 2dt
 dt =
 = =
 = ln u + C
 = ln || + C
 dw = dw
 = dw
 = + 5

 dw = w + 5 ln |w -1 | + C
TRIGONOMETRIC INTEGRALS
 Review Trigonometric Identities
 x =1 ; cos x =
 = 1 -x ; sin x =
 x = 1 - ; tan x =
 1+x = ; cot x =
 1 + x =
 x =
Double Angle
 sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x

 cos 2x = x - x
 = 1–2 x
 = 2x - 1

 POWER
 x = [1- x]
 x = [1+ x]
 Prove that = cos x
 cot x =
 csc x =

 = = = cosx
 or
 cos a tan a = sin a
 cos a tan a = cos a ( )
 Prove that =

 = (

 = 1 ( )

 = ( )
THANK YOU
FOR WATCHING

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