Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation that occurs naturally as women age. It represents the end of a woman's reproductive life and ability to become pregnant. Common symptoms include irregular periods, hot flashes, mood swings and sleep issues. Long term risks include osteoporosis and heart disease due to declining estrogen levels. Diagnostic tests such as hormone blood tests can confirm menopause. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms through lifestyle changes, medication, hormone therapy or supplements. Nurses educate women and help them develop self-care strategies for wellness during and after menopause.
Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation that occurs naturally as women age. It represents the end of a woman's reproductive life and ability to become pregnant. Common symptoms include irregular periods, hot flashes, mood swings and sleep issues. Long term risks include osteoporosis and heart disease due to declining estrogen levels. Diagnostic tests such as hormone blood tests can confirm menopause. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms through lifestyle changes, medication, hormone therapy or supplements. Nurses educate women and help them develop self-care strategies for wellness during and after menopause.
Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation that occurs naturally as women age. It represents the end of a woman's reproductive life and ability to become pregnant. Common symptoms include irregular periods, hot flashes, mood swings and sleep issues. Long term risks include osteoporosis and heart disease due to declining estrogen levels. Diagnostic tests such as hormone blood tests can confirm menopause. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms through lifestyle changes, medication, hormone therapy or supplements. Nurses educate women and help them develop self-care strategies for wellness during and after menopause.
Menopause is defined as the permanent cessation of menstruation that occurs naturally as women age. It represents the end of a woman's reproductive life and ability to become pregnant. Common symptoms include irregular periods, hot flashes, mood swings and sleep issues. Long term risks include osteoporosis and heart disease due to declining estrogen levels. Diagnostic tests such as hormone blood tests can confirm menopause. Treatment focuses on managing symptoms through lifestyle changes, medication, hormone therapy or supplements. Nurses educate women and help them develop self-care strategies for wellness during and after menopause.
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Menopause
Presented by Saad Ahmaad & Muhammad Ali
Presented to Ma`am Um e Aiman Contents Definition Stages Causes. Clinical Manifestation. Complications. Diagnostic Test. Management Definition “Menopause is the permanent cessation of menstruation at the end of reproductive life due to loss of ovarian follicular activity” •The monthly flow may increase or decrease, become irregular, and finally cease Most women stop menstruating between 48 and 55 years of age. •Perimenopause (the years immediately surrounding menopause) precedes menopause by approximately 4 years and is characterized by menstrual irregularity and other menopausal symptoms. Stages Premenopause A period of women life characterized by he physiological changes with the end of reproduction capacity and terminating with the completion of menopause. Premature Menopause Some woman`s experience menupause due to illness, genetics or medical procedures. Stages Menopause Marked by total cessation of menstrual cycle for 12 months or more. Represents end stage of a natural transition In a woman`s reproductive life. The ovaries stop producing eggs and woman`s cannot get pregnant naturally. Postmenopause Stage after menopause occurs and lasts the rest of life. Due to decrease in estrogen levels there is increase risk of osteopenia osteoporosis and heart disease. Causes Natural aging process Decline in reproductive hormones Genetic factors Certain medical treatments or surgeries Autoimmune disorders 1. Chromosomal abnormalities. Clinical Manifestations Irregular periods Hot flashes and night sweats Mood swings and irritability Sleep disturbances Vaginal dryness and discomfort during intercourse Fatigue and decreased energy levels Changes in skin and hair Changes in bone density. Complications Osteoporosis Cardiovascular disease Urinary incontinence Mood disorders 1. Sexual health issues. Diagnostic Tests Hormone level blood tests, such as measuring follicle- stimulating hormone (FSH) and estrogen levels. Thyroid function tests to rule out other conditions that may cause similar symptoms. Lipid profile tests to assess cholesterol levels. oBone density tests (DEXA scan) to evaluate bone health. Medical Management Hormonal Replacement Therapy. This involves taking hormones such as estrogen and progesterone to replace the decline level during menopause. Non-hormonal medications (SSRIs, gabapentin) Lifestyle modifications (healthy diet, exercise, stress management) Symptom-specific treatments (vaginal estrogen creams, sleep aids). Calcium Supplements. Vitamin E And B Supplements. Nursing Management Education: Provide information on menopausal changes and management options. Symptom management: Offer guidance on managing hot flashes, mood swings, and sleep disturbances. Emotional support: Provide a listening ear and connect with appropriate resources. Promote self-care: Encourage exercise, healthy diet, and stress management. Regular check-ups: Schedule routine appointments to monitor overall health. Any Question Thank you