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Data Collection Procedures

1. Data collection is the process of gathering information from relevant sources to solve a research problem. It involves sorting and analyzing raw facts and figures. 2. There are two main types of data collection: primary data collected directly from sources like surveys, and secondary data previously collected from sources like books and journals. 3. Common primary data collection methods include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and focus groups. Secondary data collection reviews existing unpublished sources like government records.

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29 views17 pages

Data Collection Procedures

1. Data collection is the process of gathering information from relevant sources to solve a research problem. It involves sorting and analyzing raw facts and figures. 2. There are two main types of data collection: primary data collected directly from sources like surveys, and secondary data previously collected from sources like books and journals. 3. Common primary data collection methods include observation, interviews, questionnaires, and focus groups. Secondary data collection reviews existing unpublished sources like government records.

Uploaded by

Haji Bhutto
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data collection methods

How to collect data


Data
• The word data is pleural form of word datum which means information which is
systematically collected in the course of study.

OR
• Data is raw facts and figures
• Have very little meaning until they are sorted, or they are used to make
calculations.
• The process of sorting or calculating data is called data processing.
• The result of data processing is information.
Data collection
• Data collection is a process of gathering information from all the relevant sources
to find a solution to the research problem.

• It helps to estimate the outcome of the situation. The data collection methods
enable you to conclude an answer to the relevant question.

• The main sources of the data collections methods are “Data”. Data can be

classified into two types:

i. Primary data

ii. Secondary data


Types of data collection
Primary Data Collection Methods

• Primary data or raw data is a type of information that is obtained directly from the
first-hand source through experiments, surveys or observations.

1. Observation method

2. Interview method

3. Questionnaire

4. Focus group

5. experiments
Data collection techniques and tools
Types of method/technique Tools for data collection
1. Interview • Interview schedule

2. Questioning • Questionnaire

3. Observation • Rating scale, check list, CCTv

4. Bio physiologic method • In-vivo, In-vitro

5. Others • Projective technique


QUESTIONNAIRE DESIGN

• Two Types of Questions:

1. Open format or Open-ended

2. Closed format or Closed-ended


Open format or Open-ended questions
• Open-ended questions give your audience an opportunity to express their opinions
in a free-flowing manner.

• These questions don't have predetermined set of responses and the respondent is
free to answer whatever he/she feels right.

• By including open format questions in your questionnaire, you can get true,
insightful and even unexpected suggestions.

• Qualitative questions fall under this category

• What is route of transmission of HIV?


Closed format or Closed-ended questions

• Multiple choice questions, where respondents are restricted to choose among any
of the given answers

• There is no fixed limit as to how many multiple choices should be given; the
number can be even or odd

• How would you rate the teaching of CM dept. Cost effective health services are:
Secondary data collection methods

• Secondary data is data collected by someone other than the actual user.

• It means that the information is already available, and someone analyses it.

• The secondary data includes magazines, newspapers, books, journals, etc. It may
be either published data or unpublished data.
Unpublished source of secondary data

• All statistical material is not always published.

• Sources of unpublished data are:

• Records maintained by various government and private sector

• Studies made by research institutions , scholars etc

• Various departments and offices of central and state government

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