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Sensors

Sensors detect physical inputs and convert them into electrical signals that can be processed by computer systems. There are various types of sensors such as temperature, motion, light, proximity, and pressure sensors. Sensors are used in applications like robotics, virtual reality, and smart homes. They work by detecting physical quantities and generating electrical signals, which are processed by a microprocessor and can trigger an actuator.

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21 views20 pages

Sensors

Sensors detect physical inputs and convert them into electrical signals that can be processed by computer systems. There are various types of sensors such as temperature, motion, light, proximity, and pressure sensors. Sensors are used in applications like robotics, virtual reality, and smart homes. They work by detecting physical quantities and generating electrical signals, which are processed by a microprocessor and can trigger an actuator.

Uploaded by

aadit1.sirohiya
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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SENSORS

By-Aadit Sirohiya 10B


Introduction
• Sensors are devices that detect and respond to physical
inputs, converting them into electrical signals that can be
processed by computer systems. They play a crucial role in
computer science by providing real-world data for analysis
and control. Sensors are used in a wide range of devices and
applications, from smartphones and gaming consoles to smart
homes and robotics.
Types of sensors
There are various types of sensors used in computer science:
• Temperature sensors: Measure and monitor temperature changes.
• Motion sensors: Detect movement and gestures.
• Light sensors: Measure light intensity and adjust screen brightness.
• Proximity sensors: Determine the presence or absence of objects in close
proximity.
• Accelerometers: Measure acceleration, tilt, and orientation.
• Pressure sensors: Detect pressure changes in different environments.
• Humidity sensors: Measure and monitor humidity levels.
This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC
• Name four different types of sensors.
Application of sensors in real life
Sensors find applications in several
areas of computer science like:
• Robotics
• Virtual Reality (VR)
• Smart homes-motion,
temperature,detection of light
• Environmental monitoring-
air quality, temperature, and
pollution levels.
Sensor Data Collection and Processing
• Information from the sensors is sent to the microprocessor.
• Sensor data is processed by a microprocessor.
• ADC converts analog data to digital form.
• Microprocessor compares digital data with stored values.
• Microprocessor sends a signal to an actuator using a DAC.
• Actuator takes action based on the signal received.
• The process is looped

This data plays a crucial role in decision-making and control in various


computer science applications.
Questions
• How do Sensors work?
A short video on the working of Sensors in our
everyday lives
Actuators
What are Actuators?
• Function: Actuators are devices that convert electrical signals into physical actions
or outputs.
• Purpose: They enable computer systems to interact with and control the physical
world.
• Operation: Actuators receive electrical signals from computer systems and produce
physical movements, forces, or changes in the environment.
• Output: Actuators generate physical actions such as movement, rotation, vibration,
heating, cooling, or any other desired physical response.
• Examples: Motors, solenoids, speakers, valves, relays, heaters, fans.
• What are Actuators?
Actuators v/s Sensors

Sensors Actuators
• Sensors detect physical inputs • Actuators produce physical output
• Sensors provide data for analysis and • Actuators enable control and
control, while interaction with the physical world.
• Sensors measure physical quantities • Actuators convert electrical signals into
• Sensors generate electrical signals or physical actions.
data • Actuators generate physical
• Sensors include temperature sensors, movements, forces, or changes in the
motion sensors, and pressure sensors environment.
• Actuators include motors, solenoids,
and speakers.
Challenges and Limitations of Sensors
• While sensors provide valuable data, there are challenges and limitations to
consider:
• Accuracy-Sensors may have limitations in precision and reliability, leading to
potential errors in data.
• Environmental factors-External conditions like temperature, humidity, and
ambient light can affect sensor performance.
• Cost-High-quality sensors can be expensive, limiting their widespread use.

Understanding these challenges helps in making informed decisions when working


with sensors.
• Name modern sensor technologies.
• What are 2 limitations of sensors?
Emerging Sensor Technologies
Several emerging sensor technologies are advancing computer science:
• Biometric sensors: Enable identification based on unique human characteristics
like fingerprints or iris patterns.
• Wearable sensors: Track health-related data such as heart rate, steps, and sleep
patterns.
• Environmental sensors: Monitor air quality, noise levels, and other
environmental parameters. These technologies have the potential to
revolutionize various fields, including healthcare, smart cities, and security
systems.
Conclusion
Sensors are fundamental components of computer science,
enabling devices and systems to interact with the physical
world.

They find applications in robotics, IoT, VR, and more, making


technology more responsive and intelligent.

By understanding sensor technology, computer science


students can explore exciting opportunities in various fields
and contribute to technological advancements.

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