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    4.5 Pointers - Pointer Operators - Pointer Arithmetic - Arrays and Pointers - Array of Pointers - Example Program - Sorting of Names

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    rrnnniranjan12
    This document discusses pointers in C programming. It defines pointers as variables that store memory addresses and explains that pointers must be declared before use. It covers initializing pointers, using the address of (&) and value at address (*) operators with pointers, pointer arithmetic, and how pointers can be used with arrays. An example is provided to sort an array of names alphabetically using pointers.

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    4.5 Pointers - Pointer Operators - Pointer Arithmetic - Arrays and Pointers - Array of Pointers - Example Program - Sorting of Names

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    rrnnniranjan12
    12 views13 pages
    This document discusses pointers in C programming. It defines pointers as variables that store memory addresses and explains that pointers must be declared before use. It covers initializing pointers, using the address of (&) and value at address (*) operators with pointers, pointer arithmetic, and how pointers can be used with arrays. An example is provided to sort an array of names alphabetically using pointers.

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    4.5 Pointers – Pointer Operators – Pointer Arithmetic – Arrays and Pointers – Array of Pointers – Example Program_ Sorting of Names

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    This document discusses pointers in C programming. It defines pointers as variables that store memory addresses and explains that pointers must be declared before use. It covers initializing pointers, using the address of (&) and value at address (*) operators with pointers, pointer arithmetic, and how pointers can be used with arrays. An example is provided to sort an array of names alphabetically using pointers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    12 views13 pages

    4.5 Pointers - Pointer Operators - Pointer Arithmetic - Arrays and Pointers - Array of Pointers - Example Program - Sorting of Names

    Uploaded by

    rrnnniranjan12
    This document discusses pointers in C programming. It defines pointers as variables that store memory addresses and explains that pointers must be declared before use. It covers initializing pointers, using the address of (&) and value at address (*) operators with pointers, pointer arithmetic, and how pointers can be used with arrays. An example is provided to sort an array of names alphabetically using pointers.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 13

    SUBJECT CODE

    TYPE THE SUBJECT NAME HERE

    UNIT NO IV
    BASICS OF C PROGRAMMING

    4.5 Pointers-Pointer Operators-Pointer


    Arthimettic-Array and pointers
    I I

    20ESCS101
    Problem Solving and Programming in C
    (Common to ALL Departments)
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    POINTERS

    ❖ A pointer is a variable whose value is the address of another variable, i.e.,


    direct address of the memory location.

    ❖ Like any variable or constant, you must declare a pointer before using it to
    store any variable address.

    ❖ The general form of a pointer variable declaration is type *var-name.

    ❖ •type is the pointer's base type; it must be a valid C data type and var-name
    is the name of the pointer variable.

    ❖ The asterisk * used to declare a pointer is the same asterisk used for
    multiplication
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    POINTERS

    for int i=5


    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    INITIALIZATION OF POINTER

    During Declaration

    float f=7.5;
    float *p=&f; // pointer initialized during its declaration

    After Declaration

    float f=7.5;
    float *p; // pointer declared
    p=&f; // pointer initialized after declaration
    EXAMPLE
    #include <stdio.h>
    int main()
    {
    int i = 5;
    printf(" Address of i = %u",&i); // display address of i
    printf("\n Value of i = %d",*(&i)); // display value of i using asterisk sign
    printf("\n Value of i = %d",i); // display value of i
    return 0;
    }
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    INITIALIZATION OF POINTER

    Output:
    Address of i = 2293324
    Value of i = 5
    Value of i = 5
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    Operators that are used with Pointers

    perators & and * that are used with Pointers .

    Address of(&) Operator

    The & operator is also known as “Address of” Operator.

    printf("Address of var is: %p", &num);

    Value at Address”(*) Operator


    The * Operator is also known as Value at address operator.
    By using * operator we can access the value of a variable through a pointer
    Example:

    double a = 10;
    double *p;
    p = &a;
    *p would give us the value of the variable a. The following statement would display 10 as output.

    printf("%d", *p);
    Similarly if we assign a value to *pointer like this:

    *p = 200;

    It would change the value of variable a. The statement above will change the value of a from 10 to 200
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    Pointer arithmetic
    int num1=2,num2=3,sum=0,mul=0;
    int *ptr1,*ptr2;
    Ptr1=&num1
    Ptr2=&num2
    num=*ptr1+ *ptr2
    mul=sum * *ptr1;
    printf(“%d”,num) o/p : 5
    printf(“%d”,mul) 5*2=10
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    Pointers and Arrays:

    We know that an array occupies consecutive memory locations. For example, consider an array shown below
    int arr[] = {1,2,3,4,5}
    It will be stored in the memory like
    arr[0] arr[1] arr[2] arr[3]
    arr[5]
    1000 1002 1004
    1006 1008

    Example :
    int *ptr;
    ptr = &arr[0];
    In this example a pointer variable is created , namely ptr which points to the first element of the array.
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    Pointers and Arrays:

    Example : int *ptr;


    ptr = &arr[0];
    ptr++;
    printf(“The value of second array element is %d”, *ptr);
    This printf will print the value 2 because the ptr variable that was originally pointing to base or first array element had been
    incremented. Now it will point to the second array element
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    Sorting of names in alphabetical order using pointers

    #include <stdio.h>
    #include <conio.h>
    #include <math.h>
    #include <alloc.h>
    void main()
    {

    char *a[10],dum[10],s;
    int i,k,j,n;
    clrscr();
    printf("enter the no of std....");
    scanf("%d",&n);
    printf("enter the name of students ");
    for(k=0;k<n;k++)
    scanf("%s",a[k]);
    } }
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    for(i=1;i<n;i++)
    {
    for(j=1;j<n-i;j++)
    {if(strcmp(a[j-1],a[j])>0)
    {strcpy(*dum,*a[j-1]);
    strcpy(*a[j-1],*a[j]);
    strcpy(*a[j],*dum);
    }
    }
    } }
    for(i=0;i<n;i++)
    printf("%s",a[i]);
    getch();
    }
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    Output:-
    Enter 5 strings:
    tree
    bowl
    hat
    mice
    toon
    The strings are:
    tree
    bowl
    hat
    mice
    toon
    20ESCS101
    PROBLEM SOLVING AND PROGRAMMING IN C (Common to All Departments )

    Video link

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?
    v=j2OkATAcQAk

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