RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Dr. SABA KAUSAR

PhD, Finance (IIUI)
Assistant Professor Baheria University
[email protected].
 What is Syndicated Market Research & What
are its benefits
 Syndicated Research is analysis performed by Market Research firms to deliver
broader overview of market. It helps to understand market from various
dimensions like product types analysis, product application insight, geographical
analysis as well as key player information.
 Syndicated Market Research report also include analysis regarding, marketing
strategies, raw material, trends, opportunities & challenges.

 Every time organizations are not very specific about the exact requirements of
market analysis & hence in these situation Syndicated Research helps to
understand market dynamics.

 In order to develop better business strategies and consolidate decision making

process every organization should consider use of Syndicated Market Research.

 Syndicated Market Research should be designed very precise way so user should
get most of his market research budget..
 Steps in preparation of Syndicate
Research Report

To investigate, analyze, and report on a particular

topic or problem.
The contents of syndicate research work can vary
based on the specific goals, subject matter, and
scope of the research.

01/23/2024 04:07 PM
Syndicate Research Work- Format
• Title Page, Table of contents, Acknowledgement
• Abstract or Executive Summary, Key Variables
1. Introduction (Each variable/objective separately)
2. Literature Review (theoretical framework)
3. Data Collection and Analysis
4. Conclusion and Future recommendations
5. References
• Appendix (If any)
• Note:
1. References should be given properly in literature review and in the end of
the report.
2. Minimum 35 Pages and Maximum 50 Pages
3. Plagiarized reports will be penalized.
Research?
 Research?

• There are several formal definitions of research such as:

 Thorough systematic investigation
 Careful or diligent search, studious inquiry
 Endeavour discover or collate old facts by the scientific
study of a subject
• According to Redman and Mory, Research is a
“Systematized effort to gain new knowledge”
• In sum, Research is the search for knowledge, using
objective and systematic methods to find solution to a
problem.
 Objectives of Research
 Develop new theory (Law of Demand)
 Develop new invention or improve efficiency
 To gain familiarity with new insights into a phenomenon
 To seek insight into an observed phenomena and explain its
logic and reasoning of happening. For example, declining
profitability.

 To help the mankind in solving the problems faced from time

to time, and make life more comfortable and entertaining. For
example, telecommunication and e-ticketing.

 Explore into new areas that might have become relevant or

even might become relevant in the near future. For example,
alternative sources of energy to reduce carbon emissions.
 Types of Research

• There are several types of research depending on the purpose,

methodology or field of application. However, the core types are as
follows:

1. Applied research/Problem oriented Research

2. Basic/Fundamental/Pure Research
 Pure or Fundamental Research

Pure or fundamental research is a type of scientific investigation that is

conducted for the sole purpose of gaining knowledge and understanding,
without any immediate or specific application. It is driven by curiosity and
the desire to expand the existing body of knowledge in a particular field.

The primary goal of pure research is to explore the fundamental principles

and theories that govern a phenomenon, rather than to solve practical
problems or develop applications.

Investigating how indicators like GDP growth, inflation rates, and interest
rates impact stock market trends over extended periods.
For instance, to examine what are the total capacity of electricity productions
and what are the sources of energy?
 Applied Research/Problem oriented Research

• Applied research, on the other hand, focuses on solving practical problems

or addressing specific issues. It takes the knowledge gained from
fundamental research and applies it to real-world scenarios or practical
applications.

• Applied research could involve using the insights gained from fundamental
research to develop investment strategies or financial models.

• For instance, an applied researcher might take the fundamental analysis of

multiple stocks and create a portfolio optimization model to maximize returns
given a certain level of risk.

• How the energy crises can be resolved by considering the available sources of
energy?
Methods of Research
• Quantitative Research: Quantitative research involves the
collection and analysis of numerical data to identify patterns,
relationships, and trends. It focuses on measurable variables and uses
statistical methods for data analysis.
• Example: A survey conducted to determine the percentage of
smartphone users in a population who prefer a specific brand, providing
numerical data that can be analyzed to draw quantitative conclusions.
• Qualitative Research: Qualitative research involves
exploring and understanding complex phenomena by
examining non-numerical data such as interviews,
observations, and open-ended responses.

• Example: Conducting interviews with employees to explore

their perceptions and experiences with a new organizational
change, aiming to understand the nuances of their responses
without quantifying them.
 Variables
A business research study, invariably, involves study of characteristic(s) of an
individual/item/unit/ entity, etc. These characteristic(s) are represented by
variables. As the name suggests, a variable changes values for different
individual/item at the same time (e.g. income of individuals for the year
2009–10, prices of stocks on a day) or for the same individual/item at different
time (income of an individual, sales of a company).
(i) Independent Variable (ii) Dependent Variable

Independent variable, also known as explanatory variable, is a variable which

influences or explains the variation in the other variables.
A dependent variable is one which depends on an independent variable defined in a
study. For example, ‘Expenditure on R&D’ could be taken as independent variable, in
pharmaceutical f rms, and sales could be termed as dependent variable (on
expenditure on R&D).
 Hypothesis
• A hypothesis is a clear and concise statement that outlines the
relationship between variables or predicts an outcome.

• Null Hypothesis (H0): There is no significant difference in test scores between

students who receive traditional classroom instruction and those who receive online
instruction.
• Alternative Hypothesis (H1): Students who receive online instruction will have
significantly different test scores compared to those who receive traditional classroom
instruction.

• In this example, the null hypothesis suggests no difference, while

the alternative hypothesis proposes a significant difference.
Researchers would then conduct an experiment and analyze the
data to either reject or fail to reject the null hypothesis based on
the evidence gathered.
 Research Methods/Methodology
1. Surveys and Questionnaires
Description: Surveys and questionnaires involve the administration of standardized sets of questions to a sample
of participants. Application: They are widely used to gather data on attitudes, opinions, behaviors, and
demographics.
2. Experiments
Description: Experiments involve the manipulation of an independent variable to observe its effect on a dependent
variable in a controlled environment. Application: Common in scientific and psychological research, experiments
allow researchers to establish cause-and-effect relationships.
3. Observational Research:
Description: Researchers systematically observe and record behavior or phenomena without intervening or
manipulating variables. Application: Used in various fields, such as psychology, sociology, and marketing, to
study natural behavior in real-world settings.
4. Content Analysis:
Description: Content analysis involves the systematic analysis of the content of texts, documents, or media to
quantify patterns or themes. Application: Common in communication studies, marketing, and social sciences to
analyze textual or visual data.
5. Secondary Data Analysis:
Description: Researchers analyze existing datasets that were collected for other purposes. Application: Useful
when original data collection is impractical or expensive; researchers use existing datasets to answer new research
questions.
6. Cross-Sectional Studies:
Description: Researchers collect data from a sample of the
population at a single point in time.
Application: Useful for studying prevalence, identifying
relationships between variables at a specific moment, and
making comparisons.
7. Correlational Research:
Description: Examines the statistical relationship between two or
more variables without manipulating them.
Application: Helps identify associations between variables, but it
does not establish causation.
8. Panel Studies:
Description: Researchers collect data from the same individuals
or groups over time, similar to longitudinal studies.
Application: Useful for tracking changes within a specific
 Defining the Research Gap/Problem

Defining the research gap or problem is a crucial step in the

research process. It involves identifying an area within the
existing body of knowledge where there is a lack of
understanding, a contradiction, or an unexplored issue.m
a
Any eexample from your area? or sources of research are
within one’s reach.
Literature Review

i. Assist in refining statement of the problem

ii. Strengthening the argument of selection of a
research topic (Justification )
• It helps to get familiar with various types of
methodology that might be used in the study
(Design)
Literature Review
What are the major whether the research
issues and debate question already has
about the research been answered by
problem someone else?

Questions that What is the

Are there any gaps in can be answered chronology of the
knowledge of the by a review of development of
subject? literature knowledge about my
research problem?

What are the key

How can I bridge the theories, concept
gap? and ideas known
What directions about the subject?
/methodology are
indicated by the
work of other
researchers?
 Literature Review
Sources of Literature:
Books Vital statistics
• Text books • Census
• Monographs • Government Records
• Edited collections • Surveillance system
• Surveys
Journal Articles International organization
• Academic journals documents
• Conference Proceedings • e.g. (IMF, WB,
WHO,UNICEF)
Indexing and Abstracting Media
journal search engines • Newspaper
• Pubmed • Magazine
• Google Scholar
Past Dissertations Internet
Research Design
What will be
the sample
What is the
design?
study about?
What periods
of time will
Why is the
the study
study being
include?
made?
What
Where will the techniques of
study be data
carried out? collection will
be used?

Where can the How will

required data the data be
be found? analysed?
Research Process/Design

II. Review the literature

Review concepts
and theories
IV. Research
I. Define Research III. Formulate
design
Problem hypothesis
Review previous
research finding

VII. Results V. Collect data

VI. Analyse data
and report (Test hypothesis) (Execution)
 Reference list - example

Abber, C. and Smith, T. (2016) Research

Book, two authors
study methodology. Dover: Dover University
Press.

Wharton, C., Pail, R. and Crumb, F. (2018)

‘Why businesses fail’, Business Review, 7 Print or electronic
(10), pp. 160-172. journal

National Health Service (2019) Symptoms.

Available at:
www.nhs.uk/livewell/symptoms.aspx
(Accessed: 02 July 2017). Website
Reference Style
• APA Style
• Harvard
• IEEE
• Numbered
Syndicate Research Work- Format
• Title Page, Table of contents, Acknowledgement
• Abstract or Executive Summary, Key Variables
1. Introduction (Each variable separately)
2. Literature Review (theoretical framework)
3. Data Collection and Analysis
4. Conclusion and Future recommendations
5. References
• Appendix (If any)
• Note:
1. References should be given properly in literature review and in the
end of the report.
2. Minimum 35 Pages and Maximum 50 Pages
3. Plagiarized reports will be penalized.
Research Tips

• Grammarly
• Quill Bot
• Sci-hub
• Plagiarism Checker
• ChatGPT
• Reference Checker
01/23/2024 04:07 PM