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    Chemsheets AS 037 (Halide Reducing Power)

    Uploaded by

    Disha Suleman
    1. The document describes experiments comparing the reducing power of halide ions by observing their reactions with sulfuric acid. 2. Chloride does not reduce sulfuric acid, bromide reduces it from S(VI) to S(IV), and iodide fully reduces sulfuric acid from S(VI) to S(-II). 3. The reducing power trend is chloride < bromide < iodide because it becomes easier to lose electrons down the halogen group due to larger ion size and more electron shielding.

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    Chemsheets AS 037 (Halide Reducing Power)

    Uploaded by

    Disha Suleman
    558 views15 pages
    1. The document describes experiments comparing the reducing power of halide ions by observing their reactions with sulfuric acid. 2. Chloride does not reduce sulfuric acid, bromide reduces it from S(VI) to S(IV), and iodide fully reduces sulfuric acid from S(VI) to S(-II). 3. The reducing power trend is chloride < bromide < iodide because it becomes easier to lose electrons down the halogen group due to larger ion size and more electron shielding.

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    Chemsheets AS 037 (Halide reducing power) (1)

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    1. The document describes experiments comparing the reducing power of halide ions by observing their reactions with sulfuric acid. 2. Chloride does not reduce sulfuric acid, bromide reduces it from S(VI) to S(IV), and iodide fully reduces sulfuric acid from S(VI) to S(-II). 3. The reducing power trend is chloride < bromide < iodide because it becomes easier to lose electrons down the halogen group due to larger ion size and more electron shielding.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    558 views15 pages

    Chemsheets AS 037 (Halide Reducing Power)

    Uploaded by

    Disha Suleman
    1. The document describes experiments comparing the reducing power of halide ions by observing their reactions with sulfuric acid. 2. Chloride does not reduce sulfuric acid, bromide reduces it from S(VI) to S(IV), and iodide fully reduces sulfuric acid from S(VI) to S(-II). 3. The reducing power trend is chloride < bromide < iodide because it becomes easier to lose electrons down the halogen group due to larger ion size and more electron shielding.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    © www.chemsheets.co.

    uk AS 037 10-Jul-12
    Write half equations for:
    Give oxidation states for S in each formulae

    2 Cl– → Cl2 + 2 e–
    Cl– → Cl2 2 Br– → Br2 + 2 e–

    Br– → Br2 2 I– → I2 + 2 e–

    – H2SO4 + 2 H+ + 2 e– → SO2 + 2 H2O


    I → I2
    H2SO4 + 6 H+ + 6 e– → S + 4 H2O
    H2SO4 → SO2
    H2SO4 + 8 H+ + 8 e– → H2S + 4 H2O
    H2SO4 → S

    H2SO4 → H2S

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    2.5.3 - Reducing power of Halides

    2 X– → X2 + 2 e–

    When a halide ion reduces another substance, the


    halide is oxidised to a halogen.

    This experiment compares how well the halides


    reduce H2SO4 to compare the reducing power of the
    halide ions.

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl–

    Br–

    I–

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes

    Br–

    I–

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes

    HBr steamy fumes

    Br– Br2 brown fumes

    SO2 colourless gas

    I–

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes

    HBr steamy fumes

    Br– Br2 brown fumes

    SO2 colourless gas

    HI steamy fumes

    I2 purple fumes

    I– SO2 colourless gas

    S yellow solid

    H 2S gas (bad egg


    smell)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    Formation of hydrogen halides:

    NaX + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HX

    e.g. NaCl + H2SO4 → NaHSO4 + HCl

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes acid-base NaCl + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HCl

    HBr steamy fumes acid-base NaBr + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HBr

    Br– Br2 brown fumes

    SO2 colourless gas

    HI steamy fumes acid-base NaI + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HI

    I2 purple fumes

    I– SO2 colourless gas

    S yellow solid

    H 2S gas (bad egg


    smell)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes acid-base NaCl + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HCl

    HBr steamy fumes acid-base NaBr + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HBr

    Br– Br2 brown fumes 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    SO2 colourless gas 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    HI steamy fumes acid-base NaI + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HI

    I2 purple fumes

    I– SO2 colourless gas

    S yellow solid

    H 2S gas (bad egg


    smell)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes acid-base NaCl + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HCl

    HBr steamy fumes acid-base NaBr + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HBr

    Br– Br2 brown fumes 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    SO2 colourless gas 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    HI steamy fumes acid-base NaI + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HI

    I2 purple fumes 2 I– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    I– SO2 colourless gas 2 I– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    S yellow solid 6 I– + H2SO4 + 6 H+  3 I2 + S + 4 H2O

    H 2S gas (bad egg 8 I– + H2SO4 + 8 H+  4 I2 + H2S + 4 H2O


    smell)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes acid-base NaCl + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HCl

    HBr steamy fumes acid-base NaBr + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HBr

    Br– Br2 brown fumes reduction of Br– 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    SO2 colourless gas reduction of H2SO4 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    HI steamy fumes acid-base NaI + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HI

    I2 purple fumes 2 I– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    I– SO2 colourless gas 2 I– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    S yellow solid 6 I– + H2SO4 + 6 H+  3 I2 + S + 4 H2O

    H 2S gas (bad egg 8 I– + H2SO4 + 8 H+  4 I2 + H2S + 4 H2O


    smell)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    halide products observation reaction type equation

    Cl– HCl steamy fumes acid-base NaCl + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HCl

    HBr steamy fumes acid-base NaBr + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HBr

    Br– Br2 brown fumes reduction of Br– 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    SO2 colourless gas reduction of H2SO4 2 Br– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  Br2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    HI steamy fumes acid-base NaI + H2SO4  NaHSO4 + HI

    I2 purple fumes reduction of I– 2 I– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    I– SO2 colourless gas reduction of H2SO4 2 I– + H2SO4 + 2 H+  I2 + SO2 + 2 H2O

    S yellow solid reduction of H2SO4 6 I– + H2SO4 + 6 H+  3 I2 + S + 4 H2O

    H 2S gas (bad egg reduction of H2SO4 8 I– + H2SO4 + 8 H+  4 I2 + H2S + 4 H2O


    smell)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    Reducing power trend

    Cl– does not reduce H2SO4


    Br– reduces H2SO4 from S(+6) to S(+4)

    I– reduces H2SO4 from S(+6) to S(-2)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12


    Reducing power trend: Cl– < Br– < I–

    When a halide ion acts as a reducing agent, it loses


    electrons (given to the reduced species).

    Cl–
    2 X– → X2 + 2 e–

    Down the group it becomes easier to


    Br–
    lose an electron because:
    ions are larger & there is more
    I– shielding (due to extra electron shell)

    © www.chemsheets.co.uk AS 037 10-Jul-12

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