Scribd
Upload
34 views20 pages

Database Management System - Lecture 2

The document discusses entity relationship (ER) diagrams in database management systems. It defines key components of ER diagrams including entities, attributes, relationships and provides examples. Entities can represent objects, people or places. Attributes describe entity properties. Relationships show connections between entities and can be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one or many-to-many. Notations are used to express these relationships in ER diagrams.

Uploaded by

sohaibislam202
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
34 views20 pages

Database Management System - Lecture 2

The document discusses entity relationship (ER) diagrams in database management systems. It defines key components of ER diagrams including entities, attributes, relationships and provides examples. Entities can represent objects, people or places. Attributes describe entity properties. Relationships show connections between entities and can be one-to-one, one-to-many, many-to-one or many-to-many. Notations are used to express these relationships in ER diagrams.

Uploaded by

sohaibislam202
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

1

DATABASE MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM

Course Code: CSC 433


Course Instructor
Md. Alamin Talukder
Senior Lecturer
Department of Computer Science and Engineering
International University of Business Agriculture and Technology

01/22/2024
Instructor Details
2

 Name: Md. Alamin Talukder


 Position: Senior Lecturer
 Room # 522
 Telephone Ext # 520
 Mail: [email protected]
 Contact Number: 01608891643 (Whatsapp)

01/22/2024
ER (Entity Relationship) Diagram in DBMS
3

 ER model stands for an Entity-Relationship model. It is a high-level data


model. This model is used to define the data elements and relationship for a
specified system.
 It develops a conceptual design for the database. It also develops a very simple
and easy to design view of data.
 In ER modeling, the database structure is portrayed as a diagram called an
entity-relationship diagram.
 For example, Suppose we design a school database. In this database, the
student will be an entity with attributes like address, name, id, age, etc. The
address can be another entity with attributes like city, street name, pin code,
etc and there will be a relationship between them.
01/22/2024
Example
4

 School Database:

01/22/2024
Component of ER Diagram
5

01/22/2024
1. Entity:
6

 An entity may be any object, class, person or place. In the ER


diagram, an entity can be represented as rectangles.
 Consider an organization as an example- manager, product, employee,
department etc. can be taken as an entity.

01/22/2024
a. Weak Entity
7

 An entity that depends on another entity called a weak entity. The


weak entity doesn't contain any key attribute of its own. The weak
entity is represented by a double rectangle.

01/22/2024
2. Attribute
8

 The attribute is used to describe the property of an entity. Eclipse is


used to represent an attribute.
 For example, id, age, contact number, name, etc. can be attributes of
a student.

01/22/2024
a. Key Attribute
9

 The key attribute is used to represent the main characteristics of an


entity. It represents a primary key. The key attribute is represented
by an ellipse with the text underlined.

01/22/2024
b. Composite Attribute
10

 An attribute that composed of many other attributes is known as a


composite attribute. The composite attribute is represented by an
ellipse, and those ellipses are connected with an ellipse.

01/22/2024
c. Multivalued Attribute
11

 An attribute can have more than one value. These attributes are
known as a multivalued attribute. The double oval is used to represent
multivalued attribute.
 For example, a student can have more than one phone number.

01/22/2024
d. Derived Attribute
12

 An attribute that can be derived from other attribute is known as a


derived attribute. It can be represented by a dashed ellipse.
 For example, A person's age changes over time and can be derived
from another attribute like Date of birth.

01/22/2024
3. Relationship
13

 A relationship is used to describe the relation between entities.


Diamond or rhombus is used to represent the relationship.

01/22/2024
1. One-to-One Relationship
14

 When only one instance of an entity is associated with the


relationship, then it is known as one to one relationship.
 For example, A female can marry to one male, and a male can marry
to one female.

01/22/2024
b. One-to-many relationship
15

 When only one instance of the entity on the left, and more than one
instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship then
this is known as a one-to-many relationship.
 For example, Scientist can invent many inventions, but the invention
is done by the only specific scientist.

01/22/2024
c. Many-to-one relationship
16

 When more than one instance of the entity on the left, and only one
instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship then
it is known as a many-to-one relationship.
 For example, Student enrolls for only one course, but a course can
have many students.

01/22/2024
d. Many-to-many relationship
17

 When more than one instance of the entity on the left, and more than
one instance of an entity on the right associates with the relationship
then it is known as a many-to-many relationship.
 For example, Employee can assign by many projects and project can
have many employees.

01/22/2024
Notation of ER diagram
18

 Database can be represented using the notations. In ER diagram,


many notations are used to express the cardinality. These notations
are as follows:

01/22/2024
Resource
19

 Google Drive Link:

01/22/2024
20 Thank you

01/22/2024

You might also like